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The Presidency

Explore the various aspects of the United States presidency, including qualifications, term limits, compensation, age and tenure, roles and responsibilities, presidential succession, and the 25th Amendment.

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The Presidency

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  1. The Presidency US Government Chapter 13 Mr. Gibson

  2. I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States.

  3. Inauguration of President Barack Obama January 20, 2009

  4. [A] Qualifications: Formal: 1. 35 years of age 2. 14 year U.S. citizen 3. "natural born" citizen Informal: 4. government experience 5. access to money 6. political beliefs 7. personal characteristics

  5. [B] Term: How long does a President serve? 1. 4 year term of office President Truman signs the 22nd Amendment 2. Limited to 2 terms by the 22nd Amendment * A maximum of 10 years may be served if a succession takes places.

  6. [C] Compensation: • Fixed by Congress: A pay increase cannot take place • until the beginning of a new presidential term of office • (Article II – Section 1) 2. Current Salary - $400,000 (Jan 2001) * $50,000 expense allowance * health care * franking privilege- the free use of the U.S. mail *Pension/Spouse Pension * Protection after tenure Retired Presidents and First Ladies receive protection for 10 years after leaving office. Children of retired Presidents receive protection until they are 16 years old.

  7. What Are Some Other Presidential Benefits? Secret Service Protection Marine One The White House Air Force One Camp David

  8. [D] Age and Tenure: 1. Who was the oldest President? Ronald Reagan: 73 years old (1985) 2. Who was the youngest President? Succession: Theodore Roosevelt – 42 years (1901) Elected: John F. Kennedy – 43 years (1961)

  9. 3. Which President served the longest term of office? Franklin Roosevelt Elected to 4 Terms (1933-April 12, 1945) 4. Which President served the shortest term of office? William Henry Harrison March 4, 1841-April 4, 1841 He delivered the longest inaugural speech in history, 8,444 words and 2 hours long, on a cold and rainy day. He died from pneumonia 30 days later.

  10. 5. Which 4 Presidents Have Been Assassinated?

  11. 6. Which two U.S. Presidents have been impeached? Not Me! I resigned and was later pardoned by President Ford. You would look angry too if one vote decided your fate! Would you define that again?

  12. [E] The Roles of the President: 1. Chief of State: a. ceremonial head of the U.S.A. b. collective image of the U.S.A.

  13. 2. Chief Executive: • enforcer of • U.S. laws b. executive orders c. impoundment President Ford Pardons Richard Nixon Nixon’s Resignation d. judicial appointments e. reprieve (postponement of punishment) f. pardon (release from punishment) Vietnam Draft Dodgers Granted Amnesty By President Carter g. amnesty (group release from punishment)

  14. 3. Chief Administrator: a. heads the government and its’ bureaucracy. Reagan Cabinet (1981) The Oval Office

  15. Panama Canal 4. Chief Diplomat: a. in charge of foreign policy. b. acts as the nation’s chief spokesman. c. The Main Tools of the Chief Diplomat: • Treaties: • a formal agreement • needing 2/3 approval of the Senate President Carter signed a treaty in 1977 that gave Panama full control of the canal on December 31, 1999. • Executive Agreements: • used informally between • the President • and a foreign head of state.

  16. 5. Commander in Chief: a. in control of the military forces (2-3 million people). b. nuclear weapons

  17. 6. Chief Legislator: b. State of the Union Address a. shapes legislation and policies

  18. 7. Chief of Party: a. Influences his party members The “Johnson treatment” b. How? * Favors * Re-Election Appearances * Patronage

  19. 8. Chief Citizen: a. representative of the U.S.

  20. [F] Presidential Succession: 1. Formally established by the 25th Amendment In 1841, John Tyler became the first person to succeed to the presidency.

  21. 2. Presidential Succession Act of 1947 * Why was the establishment of a formal succession necessary? (This was largely done to safeguard against a nuclear attack.) * How many positions are below the President? (3 leadership positions, 15 Cabinet positions) 1. The Vice President Joseph Biden 2. Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi 3. President pro tempore of the Senate1 Robert Byrd 4. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton 5. Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Geithner 6. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates 7. Attorney General Eric Holder 8. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar 9. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack 10. Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke 11. Secretary of Labor Hilda Solis 12. Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius 13. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan 14. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood 15. Secretary of Energy Stephen Chu 16. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan 17. Secretary of Veterans Affairs Eric Shinseki 18. Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano President Truman Signs the Act

  22. [G] Presidential Disability: Nixon Resigns August 9, 1974 1. 25th Amendment: How may a “disabled” President leave office? A. The President can notify Congress that he or she is unable to perform his duties. B. The Vice-President and a majority of the Cabinet (8 people or more) inform Congress that the President is unable to perform his duties. * The President may resume his duties by notifying the Congress in writing that he is fine.

  23. If the Vice President and the majority of the Cabinet again inform the Congress of the President’s disability, the Congress has 21 days to settle the dispute.* A 2/3 vote in both the House and the Senate are needed in order to remove the President. Who Are A Couple Of The People That Have Been Affected By Presidential Disability? Woodrow Wilson Dick Cheney I was acting President for 2 hours in 2002 and again in 2007. He had a stroke in 1919 and his wife largely assumed his duties.

  24. Who Are We? 5. 2. Ronald Reagan Gerald Ford 1. 3. 4. Bill and Hillary Clinton Barack Obama Lyndon Johnson

  25. Dwight Eisenhower 9. 12. 7. George H.W. Bush Richard Nixon 14. 11. Bill Clinton Gerald Ford John Kennedy Jimmy Carter 10. 6. 13. 8. Ronald Reagan George W. Bush

  26. What Is Notable About These Pictures? 1. 2. 3. Iranian Hostage Crisis Monica Lewinsky Mark Felt 5. A.K.A. “Deep Throat” Informant 4. Watergate Marilyn Monroe

  27. An election prediction proves wrong. 6. Truman Defeats Dewey President Nixon’s secretary Rose Mary Woods Here she demonstrates “the Rose Mary Stretch.” 7. This move erased parts of the Watergate tapes.

  28. Which 4 Presidents Are On Mt. Rushmore?

  29. Did You Guess Correctly? George Washington Thomas Jefferson Abraham Lincoln Theodore Roosevelt

  30. Who are the 5 Presidents listed in this picture? George W. Bush Bill Clinton Jimmy Carter Barack Obama George H.W. Bush What does this picture represent about our form of government?

  31. Which Six Presidents Preceded President Obama?

  32. [H] Why Do Presidents Usually Lose Support The Longer They Serve In Office? 1. Expectations raised in campaigns are not met. 2. All things that go wrong, rightly or wrongly, are blamed on the President, even if he cannot control them. 3. Major negative events 4. Media and press criticism accumulates over time, sharpening peoples dissatisfaction toward a President. 5. People are ready for a change.

  33. [I] Presidential Leadership Qualities: 1. Ability to communicate 2. Sense of timing 3. Openness to new ideas 4. Understanding the public 5. Ability to compromise

  34. [J] The Cabinet: 1. An advisory group that helps the President in making decisions and setting government policy. 2. They help with the President’s workload but he is not bound to use their advice. 3. The Cabinet has been used since 1789, by George Washington, but it is a custom and is not mentioned in the Constitution. 4. Cabinet Positions: 15 (As of 2004) Washington’s Cabinet (1789) 5. The President nominates his choices, and the Senate must confirm them.

  35. [K] Vice President’s Role and Duties: • President • in • Waiting 3. Ceremonial Duties 2. President of the Senate

  36. [L] The Electoral College: Mr. Gibson has a nice handout for you dealing with the Electoral College. Has anyone seen this movie? The actor is John Belushi, and the movie is …. A handout??? I just love handouts. Animal House (1978)

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