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The Presidency

12. The Presidency. The Presidents. 12.1. Great Expectations. Are expectations realistic? Ensure peace, prosperity and security Power does not match responsibilities Cognitive dissonance: Americans want strong leader but fear concentration of power

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The Presidency

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  1. 12 The Presidency

  2. The Presidents 12.1

  3. Great Expectations Are expectations realistic? Ensure peace, prosperity and security Power does not match responsibilities Cognitive dissonance: Americans want strong leader but fear concentration of power We want government to be small and limited, yet solve all societal and economic problems 12.1

  4. 12.1 “Bring in the new guy”

  5. Who They Are Basic requirements: Natural-born citizen 35 years of age or older Resident of the U.S. for previous 14 years White, male, Protestant First female president? 12.1

  6. 12.1 TABLE 12.1: Recent Presidents

  7. How They Got There Elections: The Typical Road to the White House Twenty-Second Amendment (1951) Succession Twenty-Fifth Amendment (1967) Impeachment Watergate Clinton’s sex scandal 12.1

  8. 12.1 TABLE 12.2: Incomplete Presidential Terms

  9. 12.1 Nixon Resigns

  10. Presidential Powers 12.2

  11. Constitutional Powers Constitution says little “The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America.” Fear of abuse of power Madisonian system Shared powers Checks and balances Short term of office 12.2

  12. 12.2 TABLE 12.3: Constitutional Powers of the President

  13. Expansion of Power Changes leading to expansion of presidential power Military Technological Economic Presidents take initiative to expand role Lincoln FDR 12.2

  14. Perspectives on Presidential Power 1950s-1960s Strong = good; weak = bad 1970s Vietnam War Watergate 1980s and beyond Mixed feeling about presidential power 12.2

  15. Running the Government: Chief Executive 12.3

  16. Vice President Mainly ceremonial in previous years Increasing role in modern presidency Cheney Biden 12.3

  17. Cabinet Traditional, not mandated Heads of federal agencies and executive departments 12.3

  18. 12.3 TABLE 12.4: Cabinet Departments

  19. Executive Office National Security Council (NSC) Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 12.3

  20. 12.3 FIGURE 12.1: Executive Office of the President

  21. White House Staff President’s personal support team Chief of staff Press secretary Anonymous and loyal President sets style and tone 12.3

  22. 12.3 FIGURE 12.2: Principal Offices in the White House

  23. First Lady No longer just a well-dressed homemaker Abigail Adams Edith Wilson Eleanor Roosevelt Hillary Rodham Clinton Michelle Obama 12.3

  24. 12.3 Michele Obama with military families

  25. Presidential Leadership of Congress: Politics of Shared Powers 12.4

  26. Chief Legislator State of the Union Veto Pocket Veto Line-item veto 12.4

  27. 12.4 TABLE 12.5: Presidential Vetoes

  28. Party Leadership Bonds of Party Slippage in Party Support 12.4

  29. 12.4 Obama with Reid and Pelosi

  30. Party Leadership Leading the Party Presidential Coattails 12.4

  31. 12.4 TABLE 12.6: Congressional Gains or Losses for the President’s Party in Presidential Election Years

  32. 12.4 TABLE 12.7: Congressional Gains or Losses for the President’s Party in Midterm Election Years

  33. Public Support Influence in Congress depends on popularity Public Approval Electoral Mandates 12.4

  34. Legislative Skills Bargaining Moving Fast Exploiting the honeymoon period Setting Priorities Limited success 12.4

  35. 12.4 Clinton signing welfare bill

  36. President and National Security Policy 12.5

  37. Chief Diplomat Extending diplomatic recognition Treaties Executive agreements 12.5

  38. 12.5 Carter with Begin and Sadat

  39. Commander in Chief President can deploy troops Congress must declare war, appropriate funds Framers did not envision standing army Or nuclear arsenal 12.5

  40. 12.5 Capture of Obsama bin Laden

  41. War Powers War Powers Resolution (1973) Presidents must seek Congressional approval before deploying armed forces Legislative veto What do you think? 12.5

  42. Crisis Manager What constitutes a crisis? Cuban Missile Crisis 9/11 Modern communications technology 12.5

  43. 12.5 Responding to 9/11

  44. Working with Congress Two presidencies Domestic policy Foreign policy 12.5

  45. Power from the People: Public Presidency 12.6

  46. Going Public “Public sentiment is everything. With public sentiment nothing can fail; without it nothing can succeed.” Ceremonial duties build public support 12.6

  47. 12.6 President Bush announces end of Iraq war

  48. Presidential Approval Product of many factors Party affiliation Honeymoon period Policy success Integrity and leadership skills Rally events 12.6

  49. 12.6 FIGURE 12.3: Presidential Approval

  50. Policy Support Using the bully pulpit effectively Media skills Public not receptive Not interested in politics and government Biased reasoners and partisans Weak on facts 12.6

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