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Simpson County Grains Meeting January 25, 2007

Join Chad Lee from the University of Kentucky as he discusses the current situation of corn production and shares strategies for maximizing corn yields through genetics, fertilizer usage, weed and insect management. Learn about the latest hybrid options and the importance of soil fertility and seeding rates. Don't miss out on this opportunity to improve your corn crop!

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Simpson County Grains Meeting January 25, 2007

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  1. Simpson County Grains MeetingJanuary 25, 2007 Chad Lee Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky 859.257.3203 Chad.Lee@uky.edu Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006 Soybean Varieties | Corn Hybrids | EtOH Hybrids | SBR 2007 | Record Yield | Soybean Pops | Corn Silage | Corn

  2. CORN • Current situation • Corn production is steady to increasing • Demand is close to exceeding supply • Predictions (ag economists) • 2007: 10 million acres shifted to corn • 2008: Iowa will be a net importer of corn Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  3. Keys to High Yields • Good genetics • Maximize days suitable for growing • 90 to 95% light interception at silking (R1) • Adequate nutrients and water to complete plant growth and seed fill Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  4. TOTAL YIELD Soil Fertility Soil Fertility Weather Weather Economics Economics Planting Date, Seeding Rate Planting Date, Seeding Rate Soil Structure Soil Structure Hybrid Genetics Hybrid Genetics Timely Harvest Timely Harvest Pest Management Pest Management SLATS ON A BARREL TOTAL YIELD Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  5. Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  6. TOP YIELDS Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  7. Corn: Good Genetics • Hybrid Tests • Performance in overall state average • Performance at location most similar to yours Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  8. Hybrid Options • Hybrid – base genetics (hybrid 1234) • Options • RR • LL • Bt Cornborer (possibly with LL) • Bt Cornrootworm (possibly with LL) Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  9. Hybrid Options, continued • After you decided on genetics and trait options • Rounds or flats? • Seed treatments? • Could be as many as 20 options for one set of base genetics. Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  10. Hybrid Options, continued • Base genetics • 10 options for biotech traits • Up to 15 options by the time seed size and seed treatment packages are considered • Company may have 10 base genetic hybrids for KY • With the options, could be 100 to 150 variations to offer Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  11. FERTILIZE to soil test • Fertilizer cost is increasing • Farmers can’t afford to over-fertilize . . . Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  12. N Recommendations Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  13. Corn Yield Response to Fertilizer Nitrogen Kentucky 2001-2003 Well Drained Soils L. Murdock and G. Schwab Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  14. Corn Yield Response to Fertilizer Nitrogen Kentucky 2001-2003 Well Drained Soils L. Murdock and G. Schwab Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  15. N Recommendations Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  16. FERTILIZER Soil Tests • UK Recommendations: Maintenance Philosophy • The rates recommended for a crop will slowly increase P and K soil test values. • Appreciable soil test values will not be noticed until about 4 years after following recommendations. Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  17. 80 acres FERTILIZER Soil Tests • UK Recommendations: • Take composite samples from 20 acres Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  18. Seeding Rates, High but not too high • 24,000 – 30,000 seeds/acre. • 32,000 seeds/acre on highly productive soils. Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  19. Corn Grain Yield Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  20. Silage DM Yield Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  21. Seeding Rates, 2006 Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  22. Final Stand Effect on Silage Yield Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  23. PLANT SPACING VARIABILITY Variability up to 2 inches does not hurt yields. Variability above 2 inches will reduce yields. Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  24. Biotech Tools for Corn Weeds • Roundup Ready genes • GA21 – “Roundup Ready” and “GT” • Applications from VE to V8 or 30 inches, whichever occurs first, up to 1.0 lb ae glyphosate/acre, depending on herbicide label (2 pt/A of 3 lb ae/gal formulation – Roundup Original) • NK603 – “Roundup Ready 2” • Applications from VE to V8 or 30 inches, whichever comes first, up to 1.12 lb ae glyphosate/acre, depending on herbicide label (3 pt/A of 3 lb ae/gal formulation – Roundup Original) • Drop nozzles from 30 to 48 are allowed Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  25. Roundup Ready Corn • Soil Residual Herbicides Play An Important Role. • Limits early-season Competition • Limits risk of Resistant weeds Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  26. LEXINGTON, KYPictures Taken 3 Week After Planting Burndown + Degree Xtra® @ 3.0 qts/A Burndown + No residual PRE Source: C. H. Slack - 2004 Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  27. LEXINGTON, KYPictures Taken 4 Week After Planting Burndown + Degree Xtra® @ 3.0 qts/A Burndown + No residual PRE Source: C. H. Slack - 2004 Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  28. LEXINGTON, KYPictures Taken 2 Weeks After Post Herbicide Applications Burndown + Degree Xtra® @ 3.0 qts/Afollowed by Roundup WeatherMAX® @ 22 oz/A Burndown + No Residual PREfollowed by Roundup WeatherMAX® @ 22 oz/A Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006 Source: C. H. Slack - 2004

  29. Soil - Residual Control With Degree Xtra at Different Rates (2003) Source: C. Slack, UK Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  30. Soil - Residual Control With Degree Xtra at Different Rates (2004) Source: C. Slack, UK Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  31. LEXINGTON, KYPictures Taken 1 Week Prior Post Applications ---------------------------Premix Rate------------------------ 1/2 Full None Atrazine only Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006 Source: C. H. Slack

  32. Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  33. Johnsongrass Control with ALS-HerbicidesAdair County, KY 2006 Visual Control (%) Source: J.D. Green and David Herbst Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  34. Insecticide Seed TreatmentsInsects Controlled Courtesy: Ric Bessin, Entomology Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  35. Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  36. Heavy Pressure Consider RW seed treatments Consider soil-applied insecticides (in furrow), rootworm rates Light to Moderate Consider seed treatments (secondary pest rates) In-furrow soil-applied insecticides Wireworm Recommendations Corn Limiting Factor Genetics Fertilizer Weeds Insecticides • Don’t plant early into high risk sites Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  37. Insects Controlled by Bt Corn Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  38. Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  39. Soybean Variety Trials 2006 University of Kentucky Soybean Varieties | Corn Hybrids | EtOH Hybrids | SBR 2007 | Record Yield | Soybean Pops | Corn Silage Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  40. Soybean Variety Trials • Each variety chosen by seed company • 5 locations • Replicated at each location • Each variety randomly placed Soybean Varieties | Corn Hybrids | EtOH Hybrids | SBR 2007 | Record Yield | Soybean Pops | Corn Silage | Corn Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  41. Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  42. Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  43. Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  44. Soybean Varieties | Corn Hybrids | EtOH Hybrids | SBR 2007 | Record Yield | Soybean Pops | Corn Silage Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  45. RR vs. non-RR Soybean Varieties | Corn Hybrids | EtOH Hybrids | SBR 2007 | Record Yield | Soybean Pops | Corn Silage Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  46. http://www.uky.edu/Ag/GrainCrops/varietytesting.htm Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  47. Soybean Varieties | Corn Hybrids | EtOH Hybrids | SBR 2007 | Record Yield | Soybean Pops | Corn Silage Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  48. Corn HybridPerformance Trials 2006 University of Kentucky Soybean Varieties | Corn Hybrids | EtOH Hybrids | SBR 2007 | Record Yield | Soybean Pops | Corn Silage Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  49. CORN • Plant 30 lbs of seed • Yield 10,000 lbs of grain • > 300 x increase Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

  50. Corn Hybrid Performance Trials • Over 140 hybrids • Separated into maturities • Early (≤112 days) • Medium (113-117 days) • Late (≥118 days) • Specialty groups • High Oil • Ethanol Production Efficiency Chad Lee, University of Kentucky, 2006

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