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An Electric Coupling Model for the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere System

An Electric Coupling Model for the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere System. Seismology Forum Meeting 2014 ： Recent Advances and New Findings in Seismology. L. C. Lee. Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica. March 19, 2014. Ionosphere density variations.

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An Electric Coupling Model for the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere System

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  1. An Electric Coupling Model for the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere System Seismology Forum Meeting 2014： Recent Advances and New Findings in Seismology L. C. Lee Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica March 19, 2014

  2. Ionosphere density variations Lithosphere – atmosphere – ionosphere coupling EQ Kuo, Huba, Joyce and Lee, JGR (2011, 2013) Variations of fmF2 and TEC before Chi-Chi EQ [Liu et al., 2001]

  3. J 100 nA/m2

  4. Current Dynamo from Stressed Rock

  5. Model of DC electric field generation in the ionosphere by seismic related EMF (electro-motive force) in the lower atmosphere. 1. Earth surface, 2. Conductive layer of the ionosphere, 3. External electric current of EMF in the surface atmosphere, 4. Conductivity electric current in the atmosphere–ionosphere circuit, 5. DC electric field in the ionosphere, 6. Field-aligned electric current, and 7. Charged aerosols injected into the atmosphere by soil gases (Sorokin and Hayakawa, 2013).

  6. Thunderstorm effect on the ionosphere 250kV Fair weather current J1 J2 JD

  7. Conductivity profile [Tzur and Roble, 1985]

  8. Lithosphere Dynamo

  9. The E field, current density J and induced charge density in the atmosphere or = 0 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

  10. Current density and discharge rate

  11. Induced charge density

  12. For a scalar conductivity E2 - - - - E1

  13. Induced charge density ocean

  14. Electric coupling of lithosphere, atmosphere and ionosphere Kuo, Huba, Joyceand Lee, (JGR, 2011)

  15. Current density and flow in the atmosphere

  16. NRL 3D ionosphere simulation code (SAMI3) SAMI3 is a 3D low-latitude ionospheric model developed at the Naval Research Lab SAMI3 simulates the temporal and spatial evolution of seven ion species (H+,He+,N+,O+,N2+,NO2+,O2+) over the entire magnetic flux tube in both hemispheres The density and velocity equations are solved for all ion species. Ion temperature equation and electron temperature equations The altitude range is ±30° and the longitude range is 8° for our case The range of magnetic apex height is 85 to 2400 km

  17. (1) (2) Use Dipolar Coordinates (dipole magnetic field lines) Modified potential equation in SAMI3

  18. Summary The magnitude of current density Jrock is the most important parameter to determine the TEC variations and nighttime bubble formation in the ionosphere. The current density Jrock = 10 - 100 nA/m2in the earthquake fault zone can cause TEC variations of up to 2 – 20 % in daytime ionosphere. Acurrent density Jrock = 1 - 10 nA/m2can lead to nighttime TEC variations of 2 - 20 % as well as the formation of nighttime plasma bubble (equatorial spread F) extending over the whole magnetic flux tube containing the earthquake epicenter. Daytime and nighttime TEC variations and nighttime plasma bubbles within the affected region can be used as precursors for earthquake prediction.

  19. Thank You 中央研究院 地球科學所 Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica Taipei, Taiwan

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