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Engage Question

Engage Question. What is the purpose of religion? Why did the early civilizations develop religion?. Religion during the Middle Ages in Europe The Rise, Spread, and Split of Christianity. Development of Christianity.

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Engage Question

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  1. Engage Question • What is the purpose of religion? Why did the early civilizations develop religion?

  2. Religionduring the Middle Ages in EuropeThe Rise, Spread, and Split of Christianity

  3. Development of Christianity • The Council of Nicea set the basic tenets (beliefs) of Christianity in 325 AD

  4. In the Byzantine Empire: • Emperor Constantine relocated the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople. • Missionaries spread Christianity. For example, Saints Cyril and Methodius Christianized Slavs in the north and developed the Cyrillic language to promote religion to the Slavs.

  5. In the Byzantine Empire: • Emperor Justinian constructed the Hagia Sofia and other churches throughout the empire. This shows the close connection that existed between church and state!!

  6. In Medieval Europe: • The Church grew in power during this time, becoming a centralizing and unifying force. All authority was based in the Church! • Charlemagne was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III... Again, there was a close connection between church and state! • The Middle Ages seen as the “Age of Faith.”

  7. Influence of the Church • 1) Provided Christians with a sense of security and protection during a time of frequent wars • 2) Religious and social center-- people met there for religious services, social gatherings, and festive celebrations • 3) Unifying set of spiritual beliefs and rituals: People shared beliefs  a strong bond

  8. Influence of the Church • 4) Created a system of justice, canon law, to regulate people’s conduct. • 5) Social services, such as caring for the sick and the poor • 6) Operated most hospitals and ran most libraries in medieval Europe

  9. The Great Schism (East-West Schism) • “Schism” = split • The Great Schism, also called the East-West Schism, occurred in 1054 AD • Resulted in a division between Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism

  10. The Great Schism Christianity • Roman Catholicism • Pope has authority over all other bishops, kings, and emperors • Services conducted in Latin • Priests cannot marry • Divorce is not permitted • Eastern Orthodoxy • Patriarch and other bishops lead the church as a collective group • Services conducted in Greek or in local languages • Priests may marry • Divorce is allowed under certain circumstances

  11. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) • Political philosopher and religious leader • Believed that truth is known through reason and faith

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