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Analysis of Diagnostic Essay: The Deductive Argument

Analysis of Diagnostic Essay: The Deductive Argument. English 102 Argumentation. The Language of Argument. utterance sentence proposition premise conclusion argument. Utterance: a meaningful or non-meaningful verbal expression. La de da! I don’t care what you say. The sky is green.

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Analysis of Diagnostic Essay: The Deductive Argument

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  1. Analysis of Diagnostic Essay: The Deductive Argument English 102 Argumentation

  2. The Language of Argument • utterance • sentence • proposition • premise • conclusion • argument

  3. Utterance: a meaningful or non-meaningful verbal expression • La de da! • I don’t care what you say. • The sky is green.

  4. Sentence: a meaningful utterance that has a subject and a predicate • We /don’t have to agree with our teammates about everything in order to work together effectively.

  5. Proposition: a true or false statement about the world • All students can write outstanding papers in four languages. • Human beings are not perfect.

  6. Argument: at least one premise accompanied by a conclusion • Human beings are not perfect. • Horace is a human being. • Therefore, Horace is not perfect.

  7. Premise: a proposition that is used as evidence for a claim (conclusion) • Human beings are not perfect. • Horace is a human being.

  8. Major Premise: offers a generalization about a large group or class that has been arrived at through inductive reasoning or observation of particulars • Human beings are not perfect.

  9. Minor Premise: makes a statement about a member of that group or class • Horace is a human being.

  10. Conclusion (claim): a proposition that is derived from at least one premise • Therefore, Horace is not perfect.

  11. Valid Argument: The conclusion follows from the premises whether or not the premises are true • All students can write outstanding papers in four languages. (T or F?) • Horace is a student. (T) • Therefore, Horace can write outstanding papers in four languages.(Valid or invalid?)

  12. Sound Argument: an argument in which all premises are true and the conclusion follows from the premises • Human beings are not perfect. (T) • Horace is a human being. (T) • Therefore, Horace is not perfect. (valid and sound)

  13. Warrant: a general principle or assumption that establishes a connection between the support and the claim • Substantive: based on beliefs about the reliability of factual evidence • motivational: based on the values of the arguer and the audience • authoritative: based on the credibility of the sources

  14. In Support of Mercy Killing • Major Premise (motivational warrant): People have a basic right to choose. • Minor Premise (support): Terminally ill and suffering patients are people. • Conclusion (claim): Terminally ill and suffering patients have the right to choose mercy killing.

  15. Implied Argument (in the introductory anecdote) • Major Premise (warrant): When dealing with a terminally ill patient who is suffering terribly, the most humane course of action is desirable. • Minor Premise (support): Mercy killing is more humane than prolonging suffering when dealing with a terminally ill patient who is suffering terribly. • Conclusion (claim): Mercy killing should be allowed when it is the most humane course of action for a terminally ill and suffering patient.

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