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Gender and Science: Shifting the Paradigm of HIV Research

Gender and Science: Shifting the Paradigm of HIV Research. Joy Johnson Scientific Director CIHR Institute of Gender and Health. CIHR’s Structure 13 Virtual Research Institutes. Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis. Gender and Health. Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes. Population

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Gender and Science: Shifting the Paradigm of HIV Research

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  1. Gender and Science: Shifting the Paradigm of HIV Research Joy Johnson Scientific Director CIHR Institute of Gender and Health

  2. CIHR’s Structure13 Virtual Research Institutes Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis Gender and Health Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes Population and Public Health Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction Circulatory and Respiratory Health Aboriginal Peoples’ Health Genetics Cancer Research Health Services and Policy Research Human Development, Child and Youth Health Infection and Immunity Aging

  3. A Practical Guide to Study Design with Sex and Gender in Mind

  4. Tip #1 • Always collect data on sex/gender and compare “men/boys” and “women/girls” for differential outcomes

  5. Tip #2 • Define your terms – conceptually and operationally

  6. Are you? • Male? • Female? • Other?

  7. Tip #3 • Consider how you capture sex/gender • We often don’t know how researchers have determined who was male and who was female and whether they mean sex or gender • Self-report? • Observation? • Guessing?

  8. Tip #4 • Theorise about the mechanisms by which sex/gender effect particular health outcomes. • E.g., Biological susceptibility to HIV in women – prolonged exposure to fluids, tissue injury during intercourse, surface of the cervix particularly vulnerable, bacterial vaginosis etc. • E.g., Social susceptibility to HIV in women – lack of power, lack of skill in asking partners to use condoms.

  9. Tip #5 • Explore heterogeneity (across and within sex and gender)

  10. Tip #6 • Distinguish the effects of gender from “gendered effects.” Gender Diet Gender HIV Income

  11. Tip #7 • Explore gender bias in your scales and measures AIDS Depression Diagnostic Criteria Scale

  12. Tip #8 • Question taken for granted knowledge

  13. Tip #9 • In pre-clinical work use models that help you capture sex-based effects.

  14. Tip #10 Act Now for Better Science! • Revisit an earlier study • Augment an existing research plan with a sex and gender-based analysis • Incorporate sex and gender considerations from the outset

  15. Engendering change….

  16. Why Gender and Sex Matter in All Health Research • Sex and gender are everybody’s business. • Without considering gender and sex, we risk not only misapplying findings, but missing opportunities to improve health.

  17. Contact IGH • Website: http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/12820.html • Phone: (604) 827-4470 • Email: joy.johnson@ubc.ca

  18. Thank you!

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