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IPM for Preventing & Managing Alien Invasive Species

IPM for Preventing & Managing Alien Invasive Species. Dr. Norm Leppla University of Florida/IFAS IPM Florida. 6 th International IPM Symposium Portland, Oregon 2009. Tomato and Pepper Integrated Pest Management. Limited Land for Vegetables. Miami-Dade. Lake Okeechobee. Everglades.

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IPM for Preventing & Managing Alien Invasive Species

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  1. IPM for Preventing & Managing Alien Invasive Species Dr. Norm Leppla University of Florida/IFAS IPM Florida 6th International IPM Symposium Portland, Oregon 2009

  2. Tomato and Pepper Integrated Pest Management

  3. Limited Land for Vegetables Miami-Dade Lake Okeechobee Everglades

  4. Alien Invasive Species Habitat

  5. Franklinellaoccidentalis Western Flower Thrips • Established in the southeastern U.S. in the 1980s • Key vector of Tomato spotted wilt virus • Very destabilizing to integrated pest management

  6. Tomato spotted wilt virus symptoms on pepper Flecking on pepper due to feeding by Frankliniella occidentalis

  7. Grower’s Response: Pesticides vs IPM Alien Invasive Pest • Resistant Crop • Competitors • Natural enemies • Resistant varieties Vulnerable Crop • Pesticide program: • Application methods • Resistance management • Integrated pest management program: • Cultural practices • Scouting, Identification of pests and NE • Conservation of natural enemies • Augmentation of natural enemies • Reduced-risk insecticides • Resistance management

  8. Insecticide Treatment for WFT Larvae Control in Spring Tomatoes Number of Thrips Larvae Per 10 Leaves Baythroid 2E 2.8 fl oz/A Radiant 6 fl oz/A Spintor 2SC 6 fl oz/A Dr. Tom Kuhar – VA Eastern Shore (C. Mellinger)

  9. thrips larvae Orius Western flower thrips 50 Pepper 0.8 fenpropathrin 40 30 0.4 20 10 0 0.0 0.8 spinosad 12 per flower 8 Thrips per flower 0.4 4 Pirate bugs 0 0.0 0.8 untreated 12 8 0.4 4 0 0.0 14 17 19 21 24 28 31 3 May & June 1996 Funderburk, Stavisky &Olson 2000

  10. Change: Good for someone else!

  11. Agricultural Sustainability Through IPM Sustainability Cultural Methods Biological Control Chemical Control Physical Methods

  12. Sales of Florida Vegetables Vegetables, melons, potatoes ~1 billion sales Millions

  13. Pest Resistant Crop - IPM Conserve Competitors Conserve Natural enemies Frankliniella tritici (Fitch) Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan) Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) Orius insidiosus (Say) Predaceous mites Other predators Augment natural enemies Cultural Practices Host-free period Sanitation Resistant varieties UV reflective mulch Fertilizaton Predators Reduced-risk insecticides Spinosad and spinetoram Scouting & ID of pests and NE Resistance management Economic thresholds Radient (spinetoram) Intrepid (methoxyfenozide) Tomato spotted wilt virus

  14. Pepper Capacity of minute pirate bugs to reduce thrips populations F. tritici Suppression 1 predator/~180 thrips Control 1 predator/50 thrips Orius insidiosus (Say)

  15. Pepper • Sunflowers • More Orius • Fewer thrips

  16. Pepper Bioassay of Spinetoram toxicity to WFT Percent WFT Mortality 8 μg/ml 1000 μg/ml IPM Grower Non-IPM Grower J. Funderburk, et al. 2008

  17. IPM for WFT in Florida Distinguish between adult & larval thrips, ID adults. Economic thresholds: ~1 WFT/ flower & ~3 larvae/fruit. Alternate between Radiant & other efficacious insecticides. Avoid using insecticides that induce WFT. Use ultraviolet-reflective mulch. Vertically integrate WFT IPM with management of other pests, e.g. whiteflies. Tomato

  18. PEPPER Distinguish adult & larval thrips, & ID adults. Econ. thresholds: ~10 WFT/flower & ~3 larvae/fruit. When peppers are flowering, use insecticides for thrips & other pests that conserve minute pirate bugs. Never use insecticides that induce WFT. Use ultraviolet-reflective mulch. Use sunflower & other refugia to provide a source of minute pirate bugs. Vertically integrate management of thrips & other pests, e.g., pepper weevil and Lepidoptera. IPM for WFT in Florida

  19. IPM Education and Training

  20. IPM Florida: The UF, IFAS Statewide IPM Program http://ipm.ifas.ufl.edu

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