1 / 25

Blood Borne Pathogens

Blood Borne Pathogens. Community Health Nurse Specialist Southwest region. What is a BB Pathogen?. Microorganisms that are carried in the blood that can cause disease in humans. Common Blood Borne Pathogens. STD’s MRSA HPV Hepatitis B Hepatitis C HIV/AIDS. Blood Saliva Vomit Urine

mkidd
Télécharger la présentation

Blood Borne Pathogens

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Blood Borne Pathogens Community Health Nurse Specialist Southwest region

  2. What is a BB Pathogen? Microorganisms that are carried in the blood that can cause disease in humans

  3. Common Blood Borne Pathogens • STD’s • MRSA • HPV • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • HIV/AIDS

  4. Blood Saliva Vomit Urine Semen or vaginal secretions Skin tissue, cell cultures Any other bodily fluid Potentially Infectious Bodily Fluids

  5. Transmission Possible Body Fluid + Entry into Body Transmission BloodSemenVaginal secretionsBreast milk Mucous Membrane NeedleBroken SkinSex

  6. Transmission Potential • Contact with another person’s blood or bodily fluid that may contain blood • Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose, any opening to the body • Non-intact skin • Contaminated sharps/needles

  7. Hepatitis Inflammation of the Liver

  8. Function of the Liver • Stores sugar needed for energy • Absorbs good nutrients • Breaks down poisons (toxins) and drugs • Makes important proteins that help build new tissue and repair broken tissue • Produces bile, which helps remove waste from the body

  9. Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea Abdominal pain Dark urine Vomiting Jaundice (yellowing of skin and/or eyes) Diarrhea Light colored stools Symptoms of Hepatitis (A, B, & C)

  10. Hepatitis A • Transmission: • fecal-oral • Symptoms: • tiredness, muscle weakness, pain in joints, nausea, fever, jaundice; • Treatment: • immune globulin if within two weeks; self-limiting. • Chronic Infection: • no chronic infection • Vaccine • available for Hepatitis A

  11. Hepatitis B • Transmission: • blood, semen, vaginal fluids, saliva;over 100 times easier to transmit than HIV • Symptoms: • tiredness, muscle weakness, pain in joints, nausea, fever, jaundice • Chronic Infection: • 10% develop chronic infection • Chronic Infection: • Can cause liver cell damage; Cirrhosis; liver cancer • Vaccine • available for Hepatitis B-Strongly recommend

  12. 1—1.25 million Americans are chronically infected May lead to chronic liver disease, liver cancer, and death Vaccination available since 1982 HBV can survive for at least one week in dried blood Symptoms can occur 1-9 months after exposure Hepatitis B

  13. Hepatitis C • Transmission: • blood (minimally through sexual fluids)approximately 80% of IV drug users infected • Symptoms: • tiredness, muscle weakness, pain in joints, nausea, fever, jaundice; Hep C often has no symptoms for over 20 years • Treatment: • if chronic interferon (ribovirin) • Chronic Infection: • 90% develop chronic infection • Chronic Infection: • Can cause liver cell damage; Cirrhosis; liver cancer • NO VACCINE

  14. Hepatitis C (HCV) • Hepatitis C is the most common chronic blood borne infection in the United States • 90% infected lead to chronic liver disease and death

  15. HIV/ AIDS HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

  16. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) • Acquired – means that the disease is not hereditary but develops after birth from contact with a disease causing agent (in this case, HIV). • Immunodeficiency – means that the disease is characterized by a weakening of the immune system. • Syndrome – refers to a group of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease. In the case of AIDS this can include the development of certain infections and/or cancers, as well as a decrease in the number of certain cells in a person’s immune system. • Diagnosis of AIDS when T-Cells are below 200.

  17. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) • HIV is the virus that leads to AIDS • HIV depletes the immune system • HIV does not survive well outside the body • No threat on contracting HIV through casual contact

  18. Universal Precautions • Universal Precautions is an approach to infection control. According to the concept of Universal Precautions, all human blood and certain human body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens. • Also known as “Standard Precautions”

  19. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Anything that is used to protect a person from exposure • Latex gloves, goggles, CPR mouth barriers

  20. Decontamination • When cleaning up surfaces use 1/10 bleach solution • Do an initial wipe up • Spray and allow it to stand for ten minutes then wipe up • Dispose of all wipes or PPE in biohazard containers (if available). If not double bag.

  21. Hand Washing • Wash hands immediately after removing PPE • Use a soft antibacterial soap • A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with soap and water as soon as possible.

  22. Remember… If it is warm, wet, and NOT yours…. DO NOT TOUCH IT!

  23. Sources • Center for Disease Control and Prevention • http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/qa/qa2.htm • Oklahoma State University • http://www.pp.okstate.edu/ehs/kopykit/bbpath04.ppt#256,1,Oklahoma State University

More Related