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History of Film

History of Film. By: Larisa Ashton. Celluloid. A transparent and pliable film that could hold a small layer of chemicals that are sensitive to light Invented by Hannibal Goodwin This allowed a strip of film to move through a camera in rapid succession creating a series of pictures

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History of Film

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  1. History of Film By: Larisa Ashton

  2. Celluloid • A transparent and pliable film that could hold a small layer of chemicals that are sensitive to light • Invented by Hannibal Goodwin • This allowed a strip of film to move through a camera in rapid succession creating a series of pictures • George Eastman bought Goodwin’s patent, fixed it, and manufactured the first film for motion pictures

  3. Kinetograph • An early movie camera • Made by Edison’s assistant William Kennedy Dickson • He also made the kinetoscope (a veiwing system)

  4. Arrival of Nickelodeons • Nickelodeons are actually just movie theaters • This term combines the admission price and the Greek word for “theater” • According to media historian Douglas Gomery these makeshift theaters were made in pawn shops, cigar stores and restaurants

  5. Movie Palaces • A really nice place to view movies • These were made in order to draw in the middle and upper class

  6. Film techniques • The first cameras were fastened to their tripod and thus the shots were all still and didn’t move • For moving shots the camera would be put on a vehicle and that way the camera could be moved • In 1897 Robert W. Paul had the first real rotating camera

  7. Film Techniques • Robert W. Paul’s device had the camera mounted on a vertical axis that could be moved by use of a worm gear that was controlled by a crank

  8. reverse motion and the quality of self-motivating images • This was done by repeating the action a second time • while filming it with an inverted camera • And then joining the tail of the second negative to the first

  9. Real Film Continuity • Showing action moving from one shot to another joined into it • Like showing an old couple going into a museum then cutting to what they do inside the museum

  10. Multi-reel Films • It was around 1910 that screen actors first started getting credit in the film • The appearance of films with more than one reel helped with this creation • More multi-reel films were made in Europe then America after 1906 • This was because the MPPC insisted that we do only single reel productions up until 1912

  11. Before this some MPPC members got around this by releasing short single-reel films of a continues story within weeks of each other

  12. Point of View Shots • Previously this was only done by giving the impression that someone was looking through a telescope • A shot of people looking at something then cutting to looking at the something from their vantage wasn’t made till 1910

  13. Reverse Angle Shots • Continuing a scene with a cut taken of the action from the opposite side • This was more commonly known as a “reverse scene”

  14. Film Studios • The big change in the U.S. was to use a “dark” studio • The existing glass-roofed studio’s were blacked out • And the new studios being built around L.A. were made with solid walls

  15. Resources • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_film • Media & culture an introduction to mass communication 5 By: Richard Campbell, Christopher R. Martin, Bettina Fabo • http://filmfundingsources.com/ • http://visualparadox.com/wallpapers/celluloid800.htm

  16. http://www.victorian-cinema.net/machines.htm • http://franklinavenue.blogspot.com/2008/03/la-conservancy-unveils-this-years-last.html • http://www.galaweddingfilms.com/gala/Visual-Artists.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelodeon_(movie_theater) • http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photography-retro-camera-attached-to-tripod-image571887

  17. http://camera-guides.blogspot.com/2011_08_01_archive.html • http://www.colourbox.com/image/two-negative-films-on-white-image-2643018

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