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States of matter

States of matter. 3. Solid. Def. shape & volume Packed tightly Vibrations Crystals – pattern Amorphous – easily move. Liquid. Def. volume, not shape Further apart, movement! Fluid – substance that flows Surface tension – skin – pull toward Viscosity – resistance of a liquid to flow.

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States of matter

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  1. States of matter 3

  2. Solid • Def. shape & volume • Packed tightly • Vibrations • Crystals – pattern • Amorphous – easily move

  3. Liquid • Def. volume, not shape • Further apart, movement! • Fluid – substance that flows • Surface tension – skin – pull toward • Viscosity – resistance of a liquid to flow

  4. gas • No def. shape/volume • Far apart, most movement

  5. Changes in state Solid - liquid Liquid - solid • Melting – break free • 0 C • Freezing – begin forming patterns

  6. Phase changes Liquid - gas Gas - liquid • Gains energy • Vaporization – def. • Boiling – within liq. • Evap – surface • Air pressure affects • 95 degrees C for Denver • Condensation • Loses thermal energy

  7. Solid - gas • Sublimation – gains energy

  8. III measuring gases • Volume – cm3 • Temp increase, increase motion of gas • 500 meters/sec. 2x that of a jet • Pressure – force on walls of container. Pascals

  9. Pressure and volume • Boyles Law . Increase vol. decrease pressure • Helium balloon decrease air press, increase vol of balloon

  10. Pressure and temp • Increase temp, increase pressure in constant volume (container that’s rigid) • Hot tires . . Expand.

  11. Volume and temp – Charles’ Law • Charles Law – increase temp, increase vol. Decrease temp, decrease the volume of the gas. The molecules move closer together and take up less space.

  12. Boyle’s Law • It’s backwards!!! Meaning if you increase the volume, you decrease the pressure!!! Or, if you decrease the volume, you increase the pressure.

  13. Graphing Gas Behavior Temp (degrees C) Volume (mL) 0 50 10 52 20 54 30 56 40 58 50 60 60 62 70 63 80 66 90 67 100 69

  14. Pressure and Volume • Volume (mL) Pressure (kPa) • 300 20 • 250 24 • 200 30 • 150 42 • 100 58 • 50 120

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