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Bureaucratic Authoritarianism

Bureaucratic Authoritarianism. Martz. Origins of BA. Elimination of populist forces through a repressive state apparatus [200] Technocratic elite + armed forces Centralized control of public policy More likely at lower level of modernization. Origins. Interest in Brazil & Argentina

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Bureaucratic Authoritarianism

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  1. Bureaucratic Authoritarianism Martz

  2. Origins of BA • Elimination of populist forces through a repressive state apparatus [200] • Technocratic elite + armed forces • Centralized control of public policy • More likely at lower level of modernization

  3. Origins • Interest in Brazil & Argentina • econ progress NOT linked to democ • Expand to include Greece, Mexico, Spain • Too much generalizing from Southern Cone

  4. Challenges • Demise of BA regimes in 1980s • Collier questioned relevance of import substitution crisis • Need for theory to explain cycles of BA-competitive politics “restoration”

  5. Transitions to democracy • Focus on breakdown of BA • Praise for political democracy • competition;participation;liberties • Major studies divided on defns • some see elitism hiding

  6. More transition studies • Seligson doubts natural authoritarianism • Malloy argued for cultural propensities to authoritarianism • Booth links regime consolidation to character of elections

  7. Interesting cases • South Korea (mass protests) • Haiti • Chile • Eastern Europe

  8. Political Culture dimension • A concept often used and often contended • easy and unsatisfying to use (Huntington) • Wildavsky and APSA research program • “comparing countries by contrasting their combinations of cultures”

  9. Macridis on Authoritarian cultures • Elitist: social darwinism • Irrational: myth to mobilise masses • Group mind: back to primitive society

  10. Fascism • Ideology based on negatives: against • class struggle • parlmt democracy • trade unions • pol parties • Treaty of Versailles • Jews • Communism

  11. Fascism • Positives: for • Nationalism • Expansionism • Communitarianism • freedom=freedom to obey • Leadership

  12. Fascism • Subordination of society • Army • Civil service • Church (passive) • Business • Middle class • Only organized workers opposed

  13. Fascism: Interpretations • Abnormality • Capitalist contradictions • Stage of development • Psychology of atomization

  14. Personality theory: Adorno • Anti-semitic • Nationalist • Fear of outsiders • conservative • strict family

  15. Personality theory: Adorno • Authoritarian personality • Lower class • uneducated • paranoid • Does not fit profile of Nazi support

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