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Identifying and Meeting the Worldwide Challenge

Identifying and Meeting the Worldwide Challenge. ARIAtlas.org. Many of the greatest challenges in addressing ARIs occur in the poor countries of the world. Source: ARIAtlas.org , World Lung Foundation 2010. Global Impact.

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Identifying and Meeting the Worldwide Challenge

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  1. Identifying and Meeting the Worldwide Challenge ARIAtlas.org

  2. Many of the greatest challenges in addressing ARIsoccurin the poor countries of the world. Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  3. Global Impact • Donor priorities are heavily focused on HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB, rather than ARIs. For every lost disability-adjusted life year, US$18.53 is spent on HIV/AIDS-related R&D for pharmaceuticals and related products, compared to just US$0.31 for acute lower respiratory infections (meningitis, also caused by pneumococcus, is included in this figure).

  4. Global Impact • Researchers tend to track diseases when resources are targeted at them, leading to better data, interventions that can be measured, and replicable results that encourage further funding. The absence of dedicated funding for acute respiratory infections is self-reinforcing.

  5. In low-income countries, the average death rate from pneumonia is215 times greater than in high-income countries. Deaths per 100,000 (2008) Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  6. Distribution of Development Aid Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  7. Donor aid heavily favors HIV/AIDS. Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  8. Pneumonia research is poorly funded, compared with other communicable diseases of global health concern. R&D Funding for Pharmaceuticals and Related Products by Disease (2007) Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  9. Nearly 80 percent of contributions to the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations comes from just seven countries. Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  10. Adequate death records are essential for surveillance, but many countries do not maintain them. Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  11. There is a paucity of research on indoor air pollution and its impact onchildren in developing countries. Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

  12. Actions That Make a Difference • ARI-related R&D is needed to produce reliable and inexpensive diagnostic tests in resource-scarce locations, to advance research into new vaccines and antibiotics, and to develop and distribute technologies to combat air pollution. Other global funding priorities include disease surveillance, disseminating and evaluating proven interventions, and building health system capacity.

  13. Actions That Make a Difference • Good governance, political will, strong leadership, and community participation are essential to expanding health system capacity and addressing workforce shortages.

  14. Actions That Make a Difference • Expanding local research helps to identify challenges on the ground and makes it more likely that interventions will be relevant for local conditions. WHO has established a global health policy that calls for at least two percent of national health expenditures and five percent of health-related development aid to be committed to building research capacity and to conducting research.

  15. Actions That Make a Difference • Improving data collection helps ensure that funding is properly targeted, interventions are well designed, evidence builds for the value of specific prevention, control, and treatment strategies, and changes in the epidemiological profile of disease are recognized as they emerge. • Despite funding, data, and capacity gaps, numerous global initiatives targeted at acute respiratory infections are underway and should be dramatically scaled up to increase their impact.

  16. Limited progress is being made in adoption of key maternal, newborn, and child health policies. Uptake by the 68 “Countdown to 2015” Priority Countries Source: ARIAtlas.org, World Lung Foundation 2010

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