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Title = Revolution Recipe What is Revolution? Define it What is the recipe for a Revolution?

Day 41 Opening Question. Title = Revolution Recipe What is Revolution? Define it What is the recipe for a Revolution? How can revolutions end?. Day 38-39 Objectives. Analyze the political and religious causes of the English Civil War Analyze the mistakes of Charles I that spark the war

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Title = Revolution Recipe What is Revolution? Define it What is the recipe for a Revolution?

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  1. Day 41 Opening Question • Title = Revolution Recipe • What is Revolution? Define it • What is the recipe for a Revolution? • How can revolutions end?

  2. Day 38-39 Objectives • Analyze the political and religious causes of the English Civil War • Analyze the mistakes of Charles I that spark the war • Identify the enemies in the English Civil War • Analyze the political and religious effects of the end of the Civil War

  3. James I 1603-1628 Charles I 1628-1649 Oliver Cromwell etc 1649-1660 Charles II 1660-1685 James II 1685-1688 W+M

  4. Format for Each King In the Sandwich • PoliticalDisputes • Religious Disputes

  5. James I’s disputes • James & Parliament (nobles) argue over power  • James dissolves Parliament many times • James and Puritans argue over Anglican Church… • James ignores Puritans • 22 Years…no major mistakes

  6. King Charles I 1628-1649 • Less ethical than his father • “Tyrant”

  7. Political Disputes • Charles I creates trouble… • Writes “Divine Right of Kings” where he defends what?  • Imprisons opponents w/o trial…breaks Magna Carta • Spends lots of $$$

  8. 1628, Parliament tries to tug the rope • Forces Charles to sign… • Promise not to levy taxes without Parliament’s consent • Can’t imprison without just cause (Writ of Habeas Corpus) Petition of Right

  9. Charles Responds • Dissolves Parliament • No Parliament for 11 years (1629-1640) • Charles gets taxes on his own (wisely?) • The table is his

  10. Religious Dispute • Charles and ABofC William Laud do what? (2) • Who is angered in 1640? • What can they do? • Problem for Charles with this rebellion? • Who does he call for help? $$$ Parliament

  11. Parliament = ?

  12. “Long Parliament” • 1640-1643 • Get to work!! • Removed Laud from office • Repealed tax levies • Abolish Court of Star Chamber • But what does Parliament really want?!?!?! • Don’t want to be dissolved for long periods (like 11 years) • Offer Charles I the Triennial Act • Parliament meets at least every 3 years

  13. “Long Parliament” • Radicals in Parliament WANT MORE!! • Want to make Puritan Reforms to the Anglican Church • Radical Groups in Parliament then kill Charles I’s chief ministers (including William Laud) • How will Charles take this?

  14. Charles Reacts! • Sends army into Parliament to arrest radical politicians • Politicians escape out the back door • This act by the King/Parliament starts the Civil War

  15. English Civil War • 1642-1649 • Cavaliers vsRoundheads • How does it end?

  16. Who were the Cavaliers? • Loyal to… • Where from? • Class? • Religiously?

  17. Who were the Roundheads? • Upper Middle Class • Parliamentary forces • 2 Puritan groups • Led by  • His army is called? • New Model Army

  18. maybe he felt he had a good side

  19. Roundheads win by 1646 • King Charles I captured

  20. 1646-1649… Parliament has a few PERS issues! • Parliament is split in two… • Presbyterians (hierarchy) vsIndependents (none)… • Who has power where? • Anglican Church…how should it look? • Presbyterian or Congregationalist? • Charles I ESCAPES!!! • Cromwell has to fight Charles I again and capture him again • Recaptured in 1648

  21. England has Religious Chaos…why? • Many reasons… • New religions threatening social order and harmony…(who + how?) • Baptists… • Quakers… • Diggers • Seekers • Ranters

  22. The FinalDilemma  • Who wins the argument? • Independents (led by Oliver Cromwell) kick out the Presbyterians and form the Rump Parliament • Charles I put on trial • What charge?

  23. 1649...Charles is executed

  24. England’s Reaction?

  25. What does the ending of the Civil War show? • Parliament (the people?) would no longer tolerate… • The English people declare that a King’s power comes from… • England wanted to try a government ruled by the people…hmmm

  26. 1649-1653, England is ruled by a Commonwealth • Monarchy???? ↓ • House of Lords? ↑ • Cromwell (CinC) and Rump Parliament run country • AKA………….. ABOLISHED!!! Republic

  27. Cromwell Crushes… • Irish  • Catholic uprising • Levellers • Who were they? • What did they want? • Anglicans and Catholics • What was Cromwell turning into?

  28. Commonwealth has problems • Cromwell & Rump Parliament don’t work well together • What will Cromwell do?  Dissolves Parliament!!

  29. “Protectorate” in England 1653-1658

  30. 1653- 1658 • Cromwell = Lord Protector • 1655-1658 = Martial Law exists • Taxes raised • Sound good?

  31. End of Commonwealth • Cromwell dies in 1658 • Son takes over but has no power • Anglican Parliament returns and votes for Stuarts to return in 1660 • Someone has to pay the price for killing the King!! • More on that next

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