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SOME SPECIFIC Q-EEG APPLICATIONS RELATED TO NEUROCOGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS

SOME SPECIFIC Q-EEG APPLICATIONS RELATED TO NEUROCOGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS. Biljana Gjoneska 1 , Silvana Markovska-Simoska 1 , Tatjana Zorcec 2 1 Division of Neuroinformatics , Bioinformatics Unit, ICEIM, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, R. Macedonia

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SOME SPECIFIC Q-EEG APPLICATIONS RELATED TO NEUROCOGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS

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  1. SOME SPECIFIC Q-EEG APPLICATIONS RELATED TO NEUROCOGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS Biljana Gjoneska1, Silvana Markovska-Simoska1, Tatjana Zorcec 2 1Division of Neuroinformatics, Bioinformatics Unit, ICEIM, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, R. Macedonia 2Pediatric Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Skopje, R. Macedonia

  2. NEUROINFORMATICS Development of tools and databases for management and sharing of neuroscience data I. INTRODUCTION Q-EEG (Quantitative EEG / Computerized EEG / Brain Mapping) RECORDING OF MULTICHANNEL EEG SIGNAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTION OF FEATURES ANALYSIS OF FEATURES COMPARISON OF EEG DATA

  3. ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER INATTENTIVENESS DISTRACTIBILITY IMPULSIVITY HYPERACTIVITY Q-EEG AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL EPILEPSY CEREBROVASCULAR PATHOLOGIES SCHIZOPHRENIA DEPRESSION/MANIA SOME DISORDERS WITH UNDERLYING ORGANIC PATHOLOGY ATTENTION DISORDERS

  4. II. THE CYSTIC FIBROSIS STUDY TIME PERIOD: 1st of February – 30th April, 2007 PLACE: Department of Psychophysiology - Pediatric Clinic, Skopje, R.M DEFINITION: Prospective, Randomized and Controlled clinical study PARTICIPANTS Table No. 1 – CONTROL GROUP Table No. 2 – EXPERIMENTAL GROUP TECHNOLOGY DATA RECORDING:Software program BOSLAB DATA PROCESSING: Software program WINEEG STATISTICAL OPERATIONS:Statistica 5 (T test for small samples)

  5. PROCEDURE THE PROCEDURE PER PARTICIPANT WAS CARRIED OUT WITH THE BIPOLAR EEG ELECTRODES PLACED AT F3-O1 AND F4-O2 AND THEY INCLUDED: - INITIAL EEG ASSESSMENT WITH EC & EO; - ONE NEUROFEEDBACK (NF) ALPHA-INCREASING SESSION; - FINAL EEG ASSESSMENT WITH EC & EO. INVESTIGATED PARAMETER: ALPHA PEAK FREQUENCY (APF) EXPRESSED TROUGH THE FREQUENCY IN WHICH THE AMPLITUDE OF ALPHA RHYTHM IS THE HIGHEST AND OBTAINED AFTER PERFORMING FAST FURIER TRANSFORMATION OVER THE DATA

  6. RESULTS FOR CF APF VALUE AFTER THE INITIAL SESSION APF VALUE FOR CF PATIENTS: INITIAL VS. FINAL SESSION CONCLUSIONS FOR CF • CF IS LIKELY TO HAVE NEGATIVE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL IMPACT FROM THE DISORDER • THERE ARE GOOD PERSPECTIVES FOR THE Q-EEG EVALUATION AND NF TREATMENT OF MENTAL PROBLEMS IN CF PATIENTS IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THEIR CAPACITY FOR SELF-MANAGEMENT • FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS SHOULD BE CONDUCTED IN ORDER TO CONFIRM THESE RESULTS

  7. ADHD SUBTYPES • KROPOTOV AND MUELLER DESCRIBED DISTINCT EEG CLUSTERS OF ADHD CHILDREN • βOVER-ACTIVATED ACTIVITY IN FRONTO-CENTRAL OR PARIETAL CORTEX (~ 30%) • SLOW α EXCESS IN: SENSORY-MOTOR CORTEX; IN POSTERIOR TEMPOTRAL AND/OR TEMPORAL CORTEX; OVER WHOLE CORTEX (~30%) • INCREASED θ IN FRONTO-CENTRAL AND FRONTO-MIDLINE CORTEX , AS WELL AS INCREASED θ/β RATIO IN SOME DERIVATIONS (~40%) 2007 ZORCEC, POP-JORDANOVA, MUELLER CONFIRMED EXISTENCE OF MORE SPECIFIC EEG CLUSTERS OF ADHD CHILDREN QEEG & ADHD DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN ADHD AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN ADHD AND OTHER PATHOLOGIES SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC TOOL TO SUBTYPE ADHD

  8. III. THE ADHD STUDY SUBJECTS: 20 children diagnosed with ADHD INCLUSION CRITERIA: ADHD diagnosis (according to icd-10); Schoolage children (7-12 years); IQ > 90; Free of any medications, Absence of comorbidities; Informed consent from the parents TECHNOLOGY RECORDING APARATURE: Standardized 21 Mitsar EEG MONTAGE: International 10/20 system REFERENTIAL MONTAGE: Linked earlobes ELECTRODE IMPEDANCE: < 5 kΩ DIGITIZATION RATE: 512 samples per minute BAND-PASS FILTER: 1-50 Hz

  9. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS FOR ADHD SLOW α EXCESS SUBTYPE MOST OF THE CHILDREN (~45%) IMPAIRMENT IS IN THE LIMBIC SYSTEM. GENERATOR IS THE MIDDLE FRONTAL CORTEX AND ANTERIOR CINGULAR GYRUS. THIS INFLUENCES EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS WHICH ARE THE HIGHEST COGNITIVE PROCESS. BEHAVIOURALLY, CHILDREN HAVE EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS. INCREASED θ AMPLITUDE IN FRONTO-CENTRAL CORTEX ~ 30% BELONG TO THIS SUBTYPE IMPAIRMENT IS IN THE CORTEX-BASAL GANGLIA-THALAMUS-CORTEX LOOP. “TYPICAL” ADD BEHAVIOR HIGH βACTIVITY IN FRONTO-CENTRAL / PARIETAL CORTEX ~ 20% BELONG TO THIS SUBTYPE AND HAVE UNIDENTIFIED IMPAIRMENT “TYPICAL” ADHD BEHAVIOR WITH EASY AND FAST BLOCKADES IN THEIR EFFICIENCY

  10. IV. THE ELF-EMF META-ANALYSIS SOURCES FOR INVESTIATION: ONLINE DIGITAL ARCHIVES (PUBMED, SCIRUS, WORLD HEALTH, ORGANIZATION); REFERENCED ARTICLES; INTERNATIONAL EMF PROJECTS (COST 281, EMF-NET, REFLEX, WHO-EMF) RELEVANT STUDIES: DEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS

  11. RELEVANT STUDIES: EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND PROTOCOL

  12. RESULTS FOR ELF-EMF META-ANALYSIS ALL STUDIES DEMONSTRATE CHANGES Significant differences were found between sham and real exposure for the relative spectral amplitudes of θ and β band and θ/β ratio. Namely, θ/β ratio becomes almost 6% higher over the left occiput after turning on the field. (2) In each subject, the magnetic field altered ongoing brain activity at the frequency of stimulation from one or more electrodes. The effect was more likely at 10 Hz compared with 1.5 Hz. Namely, significant increase in 10 Hz (α) EEG power was registered. (1) The results indicate that there was a significant increase in α1, α2, and β1 at the frontal brain region, and a significant decrease in α2 band in parietal and occipital region (4) Significant increases and decreases in EEG power spectral density at various brainwave frequencies in the γ band (3) Post-exposure, sleep latency after talk mode was markedly & significantly delayed beyond listen & sham modes. This condition effect over time was also quite evident in 1-4 Hz EEG frontal power which is frequency range particularly sensitive to sleep onset. Namely, EEG δ-power increased significantly in the second 10 min period after listed and sham exposures, the third period after standby exposure, but no period after talk exposure. (5)

  13. PERSPECTIVES OF Q-EEG Q-EEG INTERDIGITATED WITH NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND EDUCATIONAL DATABASES CAN: - DEFINE MORE PRECISELY THE NATURE OF BRAIN’S INTEGRITY - OUTLINE (OTHERWISE UNTRACEABLE) SPECIFIC PATTERNS FOR CERTAIN POPULATION BRAIN-RATE PARADIGM: DEFINED AS A MEAN FREQUENCY OF BRAIN OSCILLATIONS WEIGHTED OVER THE ALL BANDS OF THE EEG POTENTIAL (OR POWER) SPECTRUM. , i - denotes the frequency band Vi - is the corresponding mean amplitude of the electric potential (or power). (Pop-Jordanova & Pop-Jordanov, 2005)

  14. V. BRAIN-RATE EXPLORATIONS SUBJECTS: 40 Healthy individuals; 27.7 mean age (18 - 50); 17 M / 23 F; METHODOLOGY: Raw EEG in four conditions with Mitsar/WinEEG acquisition software: Eyes closed (EC); Eyes opened (EO); Visual continuous performance task (VCPT); Emotional continuous performance task (ECPT). Brain-rate evaluation is the final procedure.

  15. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BRAIN-RATEVALUES

  16. CONCLUSIONS FOR BRAIN-RATE • BRAIN-RATE CAN SERVE AS A SIMPLE COMPLEMENTARY INDICATOR OF MENTAL AROUSAL LEVEL I.E. MENTAL ACTIVATION/DEACTIVATION. • SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER VALUES OF BRAIN-RATE IN EC VS. EO/VCPT/ECPT CONDITIONS ARE OBTAINED. • THIS IS A RESULT OF INTERNALLY DIRECTED ATTENTION, ALSO REFFERED BY COOPER, CROFT, DOMINEY, BURGESS & GRUZELIER, 2003. • MAXIMUM VALUES OF FB ARE OBTAINED IN C3 AND C4, WHILE THE MINIMUM IN CZ POINT.

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