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Discovering Computers – Chapter Two

Discovering Computers – Chapter Two. Using the Internet 2010-2011. ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). Goal: To allow scientists at different locations to share information. Goal: To function if part of network were disabled.

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Discovering Computers – Chapter Two

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  1. Discovering Computers – Chapter Two Using the Internet 2010-2011

  2. ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Goal:To allow scientists at different locations to share information Goal:To function if part of network were disabled Became functional September 1969 Next History of the Internet How did the Internet originate? p. 69

  3. Today More than 500 million host nodes 1984 More than 1,000 host nodes 1969 Four host nodes Next History of the Internet How has the Internet grown? What do we call hosts today? p. 69

  4. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) • Oversees research, sets standards and guidelines • Mission is to contribute to the growth of the Web • Nearly 400 organizations around the world are members of the W3C Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click W3Cbelow Chapter 2 Next Who controls the Internet?? • No onec—cit is a public, cooperative, andindependent network • Several organizations set standards p. 70

  5. Next How the Internet Works How can you connect to the Internet? Slow-speed technology High-speed connection Dial-up accessmodem in your computer uses a standard telephone line to connect to the Internet DSL, cable modem,FTTP, fixed wireless, wireless modem,Wi-Fi, and satellite modems Connection must be established each time you log on. Connection is always on—whenever the computer is running p. 70

  6. Next How the Internet Works How might data travel the Internet using acable modem connection? p. 73 Fig. 2-3

  7. Next How the Internet Works • Text version ofInternet protocol(IP) address What is a domain name? • Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to Internet p. 73 - 74 Figs. 2-4 – 2-5

  8. Next The World Wide Web • Program that allows you to view Web pages • How does a search engine work? • Let’s REVIEW the Browsing the Web worksheet together – • What is Boolean logic? • What engineprovided the most results? • Which enginedo you prefer to use? • What is a home page? • The first page of a website. • It usually provides HYPERLINKS to other pages. What is a Web browser? p. 75

  9. Next The World Wide Web What is a URL? Unique address for a Web page A web server delivers the Web page to your computer. URL – Uniform Resource Locator p. 76 - 77 Fig. 2-8

  10. Searching The World Wide Web • PRESEARCH – get a definition that helps you choose keywords that will narrow your search results! • OBJECTIVE – just the facts • SUBJECTIVE – opinions • OUTDATED/IRRELEVANT – old/not on topic • COMMERCIAL – business

  11. Next The World Wide Web What are the guidelines for evaluating the value of a Web site? Affiliation Audience Authority Content Currency Design Objectivity p. 84 Fig. 2-15

  12. Technical and Visual Aspects • Does the page take a long time to load? • Do any pictures or photographs on the page add to the information? • Is the spelling correct on the page? • Are there headings and subheadings on the page? If so, are they helpful? • Is the page signed by the author? • Is the author's e-mail address included? • Is there a date on the page that tells you when it was last updated? If so, is it current? • Is the format standard and readable with your browser? • Is there an image map (large clickable graphic with hyperlinks) on the page? • On supporting pages, is there a link back to the home page? • Are the links clearly visible and annotated or explanatory? • Are there photographs or sound files on the page? If so, can you be sure that a picture or sound has not been edited? If you're not sure, should you accept the information as valid for your purpose?

  13. Content • Is the title of the page indicative of the content? • Is the purpose of the page indicated on the home page? • When was the document created? • If there is no date, is the information current? • Does up-to-date information matter for your purpose? • Is the information useful for your purpose? • Would it have been easier to get the information somewhere else? • Would information somewhere else have been different? Why or why not? • Did the information lead you to other sources, both print and Web, that were useful? • Is a bibliography of print sources included? • Does the information appear biased? (One-sided, critical of opposing views, etc.) • Does the information contradict something you found somewhere else? • Do most of the pictures supplement the content of the page?

  14. Authority • Who created the page? • What organization is the person affiliated with? • Conduct a link: command in a search engine to see who links to this page. • Can you tell if other experts in the field think this is a reputable page? • Does the domain of the page (k12, edu, com, org, gov) influence your evaluation? • Are you positive the information is valid and authoritative? What can you do to validate the information? • Are you satisfied the information useful for your purpose? If not, what can you do next? • If you do a search on the creator of the page, do you find additionalinformationthat shows the Web page author is an expert in the field?

  15. Next The World Wide Web • Small version of a larger graphicc—used to improve Web page display time What is a thumbnail? • Usually click on thumbnail to display larger graphic p. 86 Fig. 2-18

  16. Next The World Wide Web • Appearance of motion created bydisplaying a series of still imagesin sequence What is animation? p. 86

  17. Next The World Wide Web • Music, speech, or any other sound • Individual compressed sound files that you download from the Web to your computer What is audio? • Common Web audio file formats are AAC, AIFF, ASF, MP3, WAV, WMA, RA, and QT • Once downloaded, you can play (listen to) the contents of the files • A podcast is recorded audio, usually an MP3 file, stored on a Web site that can be downloaded to a computer or a portable media player p. 86 - 87 Fig. 2-20

  18. Next The World Wide Web What is streamingaudio? The process oftransferring audioin a continuousand even flow Enables you tolisten to musicas it downloadsto your computer p. 86

  19. Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click YouTubebelow Chapter 2 Next The World Wide Web • Consists of full-motion images, most with sound, that are played back at various speeds • MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is popular video compressionstandard What is video? p. 88 Fig. 2-21

  20. Next The World Wide Web • Use of computers to simulate real or imagined environment • Appears as a three dimensional (3-D) space • Used for games and many practical applications What is virtual reality (VR)? p. 88 – 89 Fig. 2-22

  21. Next The World Wide Web • Programs that extend the capability of a browser • You can download many plug-ins at nocost from variousWeb sites What are plug-ins? p. 89 Fig. 2-23

  22. Next The World Wide Web What is Web publishing? • Development and maintenance of Web pages p. 89 - 90 Fig. 2-24

  23. Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click PayPalbelow Chapter 2 Next E-Commerce • Short for electronic commerce • Business transaction that occursover the Internet What is e-commerce? Business to consumer (B2C)Sale of goods to general public Consumer to consumer (C2C)One consumer sells directly to another Business to business (B2B)Business providing goods andservices to other businesses p. 91 - 92 Fig. 2-25

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