120 likes | 283 Vues
Physical Development Fine Motor Skills & Perception pg.108-112. Stephanie. Reaching & Grasping. Newborns have little apparent control of their hands. At ~4months infants can successfully reach for objects. Appears clumsy. As infants grow, their reaches have fewer movements.
E N D
Physical DevelopmentFine Motor Skills & Perceptionpg.108-112 Stephanie
Reaching & Grasping • Newborns have little apparent control of their hands. • At ~4months infants can successfully reach for objects. • Appears clumsy. • As infants grow, their reaches have fewer movements. • More smooth and direct.
Reaching & Grasping • Most 4 month olds just use their fingers to grab objects. • By 7 or 8 months most infants use their thumbs to hold objects. • At about the same time infants begins to position their hands to make grasping easier. • Infants do not need to see their hand to position it correctly
Reaching & Grasping • 4 months old use both hands because their motions are not coordinated • Each hand seems to have a mind of its own • At roughly 5 to 6 months, infants can coordinate the motions of their hands so that each hand performs different actions that serve a common goal.
Fine Motor Skills • At 6 months, most infants experiment w/finger foods. • The can easily pick up the food but getting the food in the mouth is more difficult. • Around the 1st birthday many parents allow their children to experiment w/spoons. • First they simply play w/ the spoon • Then they learn to fill the spoon by placing it into the bowl until it is filled • By 2 years old children learn to rotate their wrist to fill the spoon as adults do.
Fine Motor Skills • Preschoolers are able to make more precise and delicate movements to care for themselves. • 2 or 3 year olds can use zippers but not use buttons. • 3 or 4 year olds can fasten buttons and take off their clothes. • Most 5 year olds can dress and undress themselves, except for tying shoes, which is typical at age 6
Fine Motor Skills • Greater fine motor coordination leads to improvements in writing and drawing. • 2 year olds will scribble , expressing delight in simple lines • 4 or 5 year olds are able to depict recognizable objects.
Handedness • Handedness is the preference of one hand over the other. • 90% of the people worldwide prefer to use their right hand. • 10% are left handed • A relatively small percentage of people are truly ambidextrous.
Handedness • When babies reach for objects they don’t seem to prefer one hand over the other • They use their left and right hand interchangeably • 9 month olds use their left and right hand equally but by 13 months most use their right hand. • By age 2, the child’s hand preference is clear. • By age 5 children only use their non-preferred hand when their preferred hand is busy. At this time reversing handedness is very difficult.
Handedness • Determination of handedness: • Heredity – Children with right handed parents are likely to be right handed. If a child has a parent or grandparent that is left handed, there is a possibility that they will be left handed. • Industry –Utensils and other objects favor the right hand. • Culture – Some cultures such as Islam and China forbid or look down upon the use of the left hand.
Smell & Taste • Smell and taste are the most mature senses at birth. • Newborns act positively to pleasant smells and negatively to unpleasant smells. • Newborns can differentiate salty, sour, bitter, and sweet. ( Most infants seem to have a sweet tooth)
Smell and Taste • Infants are sensitive to changes in the taste of breast milk that reflect a mother’s diet. • Infants will nurse more after their mother has consumed a sweet substance such as vanilla.