Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drugs 8

1. Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drugs 8

2. Objectives • Recognize and analyze media influences on the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs. • Describe the impact of addiction on individuals and society. • Identify and model techniques for resisting peer pressure and promoting positive health behaviors. • Distinguish between the appropriate and inappropriate use of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs.

3. Objectives (2) • Classify psychoactive drugs. • Identify and examine the consequences of the use and abuse of psychoactive drugs. • Recognize and explain the legal ramifications of alcohol use and abuse. • Describe the effects of Cirrhosis and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) caused by alcohol abuse. • Classify steroids and examine the appropriate and inappropriate use of steroids.

4. Objectives (3) • Give examples of the consequences of steroid abuse. • Identify support services and community resources for assistance and treatment for alcohol and drug abuse. • Identify local, state and national programs that promote alcohol, tobacco and drug prevention and treatment for chemical dependency.

5. Agenda • The media’s influence on drug use • The impact of addiction on the user and on society • Resisting peer pressure to use abusive substances • Drug use vs. drug abuse • Classifying psychoactive drugs • The consequences of drug abuse

6. Agenda (2) • The legal ramifications (consequences) of alcohol use and abuse in Maryland • Cirrhosis and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) • Steroid use and abuse • Treatment for substance abuse • Programs for the treatment and prevention of substance abuse

7. Activator • Describe how the media influences thoughts of alcohol and drug use. Identify an example of the impact of alcohol abuse on society? • Define psychoactive drug. Compare and contrast drug misuseversus drug abuse. • List 3 possible consequences of drug abuse. • In the state of Maryland, what is the penalty for drinking and driving if you are under the age of 18?

8. Activator (2) • Compare and contrast Cirrhosis versus Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). • Explain why a doctor would prescribe steroids to a patient. Why do athletes sometimes use steroids? • Identify a resource for the treatment and prevention of substance abuse. Identify a local, state or national program designed to treat individuals with chemical dependency issues.

9. Background Knowledge • Drug – a psychoactive substance that affects the users mind and/or behavior • Tolerance – the body’s need for larger amounts of the drug to achieve the desired effect • Addiction – a physical or psychological need or craving for something

10. Background Knowledge • Drug abuse – intentionally using any psychoactive substance in an unhealthy or illegal manner; the abnormal behaviors associated with the intentional and repeated use of psychoactive substances; alcoholism, cocaine addiction or abusing pain medication • Drug misuse – taking medicine in a way that it is not intended; not following the directions of the doctor or Drug Facts Label; refusing medication, taking too much medication, taking medication for the wrong purpose or taking another person’s medication

11. The Media’s Influence on the Use of Alcohol • Alcohol in the movies, on TV and on commercials often looks “exciting.” Teens view 20,000 every year and 2,000 of them are alcohol advertisements. • Creates a sense of being young and attractive and having fun. But is it ok? • Use the Decision-Making Model to decide. What are the consequences? • The media may add to Binge Drinking which is the consumption of more than 1 alcoholic drink in a short period of time.

12. The Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Society In 2006, there were 268 people killed in the state of Maryland because of impaired drivers.  In 2006, an estimated 17,602 people died in alcohol-related traffic crashes—an average of one every 30 minutes. These deaths constitute 41 percent of the 42,642 total traffic fatalities. “Police departments throughout Maryland are committed to reducing injuries and fatalities  caused by drunk drivers,” Colonel Terrence B. Sheridan, Superintendent of the Maryland State Police said.  “We intend to be successful by combining our resources and working in coordination with each other to detect and arrest drunk drivers. ” Impaired driving injuries and fatalities continue to rise in Maryland,  even though police officers statewide arrest between 24,000 and  25,000 drunk drivers each year.  Crashes caused by impaired drivers  represent over 40 percent of all fatal motor vehicle crashes in the State.  

13. The Social Consequences of Tobacco Use • Negative peer pressure – 4,000 teens try tobacco for the first time each day in America • Media – a third (1/3) of all pop songs glamorize tobacco use • Tobacco advertising • Second hand smoke is a mixture of the smoke given off by the burning end of the tobacco product and the smoke exhaled by the users • Passive smokers are non-smokers who breathe in secondhand smoke; 3,000 die per year of lung cancer • The SOLUTION is to establish SMOKE FREE communities

14. Prevention Strategies • List your reasons to quit • Set small goals • Choose tobacco free places to spend time • Change your tobacco related habits • Be physically active and eat a healthy diet • Keep trying and never QUIT

15. Prescription Medication and Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medicines How can you use medicine properly? • Ask questions • Only use own medicine • Follow instructions • Never use old or expired medication • Never combine medication for an increased effect • Synergism/Antagonism Reading a Drug Label Worksheet Figure 6.9 Label on a Prescription Medicine Glencoe, pg. 161

16. Symptoms and Stages of Psychoactive Substance Abuse • Tolerance – a person needs larger amounts of the drug to feel satisfied • Craving – a person will feel a strong need or urge to use the drug, despite negative consequences, and will feel depressed or irritable if unable to use. Indicates addiction. • Loss of control – a person will take more than usual or use drugs at an unintended time. • Physical and psychological dependence or withdrawal symptoms • Sweating • Shakiness • Extreme anxiety

17. Cirrhosis and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Cirrhosis The excess consumption of alcohol scars the liver and reduces blood flow in the liver leaving the liver unable to effectively remove the poisons contained in alcohol from the body. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome A group of alcohol-related birth defects that include both physical and mental problems caused by the consumption of alcohol by the pregnant mother. The undeveloped liver of the fetus cannot remove the poisons from the alcohol.

18. Steroids Prescription Steroids Anabolic Steroids Synthetic (human made) substances related to the male sex hormone, testosterone, and most often abused by athletes to enhance their overall athletic ability by building muscle mass and increasing their strength and endurance. Used to treat growth problems, lung diseases and skin conditions.

19. The Physical Consequences of Steroid Abuse • Acne • Can retard growth and development • Can cause hair to fall out • Can cause the abuser to become emotionally unstable and violent • Can cause a hormonal imbalance in the abuser which can negatively affect their physical and emotional development • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwTBJQEpt-w

20. Alcohol and the Law of Maryland • Maryland has a law forbidding open containers of alcohol in motor vehicles. This includes consumption of alcohol by passengers, and re-sealed containers, even re-corked bottles of wine. Any previously opened bottles should be transported in the trunk. • In Maryland, drivers are considered to be driving under the influence with a blood alcohol content (BAC) above .08. A blood alcohol content over the legal limit is considered sufficient proof of violation in a court of law. Maryland is one of only a few states where the penalty for refusing a breathalyzer test is less than the penalty for driving under the influence.  • The legal drinking age in Maryland is 21. The minimum age to work as a server in a restaurant that sells wine and beer in Maryland is 18. The minimum age to work as a bartender in a restaurant that sells wine and beer is 18. Under Maryland law, an individual must be 21 to handle, transport or sell spirits in a liquor store or off-premises establishment. At 18, an individual may sell wine and beer in an off-premise establishment.

21. The Legal Consequences of Underage Tobacco Use and/or Possession • It’s illegal to buy, possess and/or use tobacco products for anyone under the age of 18. • The penalties include a possible fine and/or being referred to the Department of Juvenile Justice and then be placed in a detention setting for juveniles.

22. Penalties to Minors (under 18) • Buying or in possession = fine and/or jail • Driving while impaired = fine and/or jail and/or lose license until he or she reaches the age of 18 Maryland Laws http://www.1800duilaws.com/states/maryland_dui_consequences.asp

23. Fake ID’s and the Maryland Law It’s illegal to misrepresent your age or to help someone else do so for any reason, including to illegally buy or possess alcoholic beverages. Using someone else’s driver’s license, ID card or a fake ID will cost you: • Maryland laws allow fines of up to $2,000 and/or imprisonment of up to 3 years. • The MVA can cancel, suspend or revoke your driver’s license. If under 18, the Maryland Juvenile Services Administration may require you to attend a supervised work or alcohol rehabilitation program. • Maryland Juvenile Services Administration may also ask your parents or guardians to withdraw their consent for you to hold a license. • Federal penalties can include a fine of up to $25,000 or imprisonment for up to 15 years.

24. Drug Prevention & Intervention Services and Treatments The Montgomery County Department of Health and Human Services http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/hhstmpl.asp?url=/content/hhs/services.asp • Access the Behavioral Health and Crises Services Webpage http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/hhstmpl.asp?url=/content/hhs/bhcs/index.asp

25. Local, State & National TreatmentPrograms for Chemical Dependency • Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) – a counseling group composed of former alcoholics. • Al-Anon – a non-profit group that educates families and friends about alcoholism. Al-Anon helps them understand how they have been affected by the abuse and teaches them coping skills. • Alateen – a non-profit group within Al-Anon designed to help teens deal with alcoholic parents. • Al-Anon and Alateen direct individuals and families to counselors, support groups and mental health facilities as well as perform community outreach work.