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Cell Review

Cell Review. What structures make up prokaryotic cells?. Cell wall Cell membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes DNA/RNA. What sets eukaryotic cells apart from prokaryotic cells?. Internal membrane bound structures like the nucleus. Which organisms are make up of prokaryotic cells?. bacteria.

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Cell Review

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  1. Cell Review

  2. What structures make up prokaryotic cells? • Cell wall • Cell membrane • Cytoplasm • Ribosomes • DNA/RNA

  3. What sets eukaryotic cells apart from prokaryotic cells? • Internal membrane bound structures like the nucleus

  4. Which organisms are make up of prokaryotic cells? • bacteria

  5. Which organisms are made of eukaryotic cells? • Protists • Fungi • Plants • animals

  6. What structures are found in plant cells but not animal cells? • Cell wall • Chloroplast • vacuoles

  7. What are the functions of the cell membrane? • Maintaining cellular homeostasis • Provides structure and support • Regulates what materials enters and leaves

  8. What is the function of chloroplast? • Photosynthesis • Collect sunlight energy and convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen • Produces food for the plant

  9. What cell organelle is shown below? • chloroplast

  10. Why do many scientists believe that the mitochondria and chloroplast evolved from prokaryotic cells? • They are composed of double membranes • They have circular DNA • They have similar reproduction

  11. How do unicellular organisms differ from multicellular organisms? • Unicellular organisms are made up of a single cell that must perform all of the life tasks • Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells which may divide the life functions amongst many specialized cells

  12. What is the structure and function of a ribosome? • they assemble proteins (protein synthesis) • They are composed of RNA and protein but are not membrane bound

  13. What is the structure and function of the cell wall? • They are composed of complex carbohydrates • Support and protection

  14. Hairlike projections on the cell membrane are called… • cilia • They are for locomotion

  15. Long, whip-like projections from the cell membrane are called… • Flagella • Are used for locomotion

  16. What is the function of the mitochondria? • To produce energy for the cell in the form of ATP • Carries out cellular respiration to produce energy

  17. What cellular organelle is shown below? • Mitochondria

  18. What is the function of the lysosome? • Uses enzymes to break down cellular waste • It is the clean up crew of the cell

  19. What cellular organelle is shown below? • Lysosome

  20. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? • Transports substances like protein around the cell

  21. What cellular organelles are shown below? • Endoplasmic reticulum • Golgi apparatus

  22. What is the function of the golgi apparatus? • Alter and package cellular proteins for transport within and out of the cell

  23. What is the function of the vacuole? • To store water, food, etc.

  24. Which biomolecule is shaped like rings and has a 1:2:1 ratio of C, H, O? • Carbohydrates • Single rings are monosaccharides like glucose • Double rings are disaccharides like sucrose • Many rings are polysaccharides like starch

  25. Which biomolecules have no monomers and have a much greater than 2:1 ratio of H to O? • Lipids (fats, oils, waxes)

  26. Which biomolcules are found in chains and contain C, H, O, and N? • Proteins • Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions

  27. Put the levels of organization in order from least to most complex… • Atom • Molecule • Organelle • Cell • Tissue • Organ • Organ system • organism

  28. When a substance enters an enzyme to be catalyzed it is called a… • Substrate

  29. When substances exit an enzyme after being catalyzed they are called… • Products

  30. What happens to an enzyme once it has catalyzed a reaction? • It is reused

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