Influence of statics and dynamics on high performance catenary designs

1. Influence of statics and dynamics on high performance catenary designs A.Carnicero, J.R.Jimenez-Octavio (jesus.jimenez@upcomillas.es) M.Such, A.Ramos & C.Sánchez-Rebollo (csrebollo@upcomillas.es) PantographCatenaryInteraction Framework forIntelligent Control December 8th, 2011 Amiens, France

2. Outline • Influence of static and dynamicson… thecatenary-pantographinteraction • Influence of static and dynamicson… theoptimization of thecatenarydesigns • Influence of static and dynamicson… thewindeffectsonthecatenary • Influence of static and dynamicson… thetrack-vehicle-pantograph-catenaryinteraction

3. Catenary-pantographdynamicinteraction Difficulties & Models • Geometricnonlinearity • Contactnonlinearity • Discretization (Ω,t) • Computational time • Accuracy • Simplifiedlumped • FEM • Multibodydynamics • Modal analysis • PDAE’s

4. Catenarysimplifiedmodel • Equivalentstiffness • Equivalentmass

5. Catenary FEM basedmodel • Spacediscretization • Type of elements • Truss, Non-Linear trussor Co-rotationaltruss (onlytension) • Euler-Bernoullibeam, Non-Linear beamor Co-rotationalbeam • Mass-Spring-Dumper • Concentratemass • Segment-pointcontact • Number of elements • Time discretization • b-Newmarkfamily • HHT • a-generalized Height (m) Distance (m)

6. Space discretization Elementtype Contact wire Contact wire Elementsbetweendroppers

7. Movingmesh FEM model Rough mesh Movingmesh Height (m) Distance (m)

8. Densityanalysis & EN50318 validation EN50318:2002 “Validation of simulation of the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact line”. The Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI:2008) Energy subsection requires the simulation of the catenary-pantograph dynamics with a EN50318 validated simulation method

9. Comparison of themodels- 300 km/h Simplified MEF MovingMesh Contact force (N) Distance (m)

10. Theclose-future 3D simulationmodel

11. Outline • Influence of static and dynamicson… thecatenary-pantographinteraction • Influence of static and dynamicson… theoptimization of thecatenarydesigns • Influence of static and dynamicson… thewindeffectsonthecatenary • Influence of static and dynamicson… thetrack-vehicle-pantograph-catenaryinteraction

12. Optimization of thegeometry – GeneticAlgorithms • Sizing • Configuration • Topology • Materials • Spans • Masts • Cables • Droppers Height (m) Distance (m)

13. Paretofrontforthe 1st and all of thedroppers

14. Optimizeddesign – FQ1

15. Dynamiccheck of thedesigns- 300 km/h

16. Outline • Influence of static and dynamicson… thecatenary-pantographinteraction • Influence of static and dynamicson… theoptimization of thecatenarydesigns • Influence of static and dynamicson… thewindeffectsonthecatenary • Influence of static and dynamicson… thetrack-vehicle-pantograph-catenaryinteraction

17. Windeffectsonthecatenary Windeffects Statics Dynamics

18. Staticeffectsonthecatenary Lateral displacement [m] Position [m] Vertical displacement [m]

19. Bucklingeffectsonthecatenary

20. Contactforcevariation Height[m] ContactForceVariation [%] ContactForceVariation [%] Position [m] Position [m] Distance[m]

21. Outline • Influence of static and dynamicson… thecatenary-pantographinteraction • Influence of static and dynamicson… theoptimization of thecatenarydesigns • Influence of static and dynamicson… thewindeffectsonthecatenary • Influence of static and dynamicson… thetrack-vehicle-pantograph-catenaryinteraction

22. Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track Ballast Rail Rail Clip Sleeper

23. Random irregularities on the track

24. Effects of random irregularities on the track Differences around 3% in the contact forces and around 8% in displacements

25. Pass overlongviaducts Differences over 10%, depending on the kind of large viaduct

26. Pass over short viaducts Differences up to 10%, depending on the kind of short viaduct

27. Final remarks • A moving FEM mesh proposal has been compared to a simplified method based on statics and a classic FEM. • The moving FEM mesh dynamic simulation is validated by EN50318, saves 30% CPU time over classic FEM mesh and has been used into the certification of thecatenary Madrid-Barcelona line. • Staticparameters and criteria are notenoughtotacklethegeometricoptimization of high performance catenarydesigns. • Lateral wind can result in huge displacements and even the buckling of certain registration arms. The variability of the contact forces grows up besides the dynamic displacements may reach critical values. • The simulation of the Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track with accurate static characteristics allows to obtain more realistic values of the Catenary-Pantograph dynamic interaction.

28. Thanks for your attention A.Carnicero, J.R.Jimenez-Octavio (jesus.jimenez@upcomillas.es) M.Such, A.Ramos & C.Sánchez-Rebollo (csrebollo@upcomillas.es)

29. Initialequilibriumproblem The initial geometry of the catenary is unknown because is coupled with the wires tension The lenght of the droppers must be computed as a first step

30. Simplifiedmodels Equivalent stiffness (droppers slackening)

31. Simplifiedmodels Contact force (N) Distance (m)

32. FEM models Contact force (N) Distance (m)

33. Movingmesh FEM model Displacement (N) Distance (m)

34. Geometryoptimization

35. Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track Rail random irregularities

36. Catenary-Pantograph-Vehicle-Track Rail random irregularities