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Labor Unions. Lecture 4. Analyze the effect of urban political machines and responses by immigrants and middle-class reformers. Essential Question: What impact did Labor Unions have on workers and big business?. Standard 11.2.4. Labor Unions. Collective bargaining
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Labor Unions Lecture 4
Analyze the effect of urban political machines and responses by immigrants and middle-class reformers. Essential Question: What impact did Labor Unions have on workers and big business? Standard 11.2.4
Labor Unions • Collective bargaining • Unions allow workers to negotiate with their bosses as a group • shorter work hours, safer working conditions, • unions collect dues to raise money for their causes • the National Labor Union = 1st Large Labor Union
Workers • Skilled Worker • workers that possess some expertise, training, or education that make them hard to replace • masons, carpenters, blacksmiths, and bakers • Unskilled Worker • workers that possess no specific training and are easily replaced • miner, factory assembly
Riots • Haymarket Square Riot, 1886 • Rally for union workers • Bomb Went Off • Turned into a riot • killed 7 police and many civilians • 8 anarchists were arrested for murder • anti-immigrant, anti-labor prejudice hurt unions
Knights of Labor • Knights of Labor, 1869 • secretive union that allowed any worker (skilled or unskilled) to join • except liquor dealers, gamblers, and lawyers • became very unpopular after the Haymarket Square riot
Samuel Gompers • American Federation of Labor, 1886 • Led by Samuel Gompers • Made up of skilled unions • AFL is the largest union organization in the US today • Successful • it was anti-immigrant especially anti-Chinese
Pullman Strike • Pullman Strike, 1893 • Pullman Palace Car Company cut pay by 28% • worker’s rent was not lowered • 125,000+ workers went on strike in Chicago • shut down the nation’s railroads • 12,000 troops broke up the strike because they interfered with the US Mail • Eugene V. Debs went to jail and became a socialist