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The Greeks of the Ancient World

The Greeks of the Ancient World. The Minoan Culture. 2nd millennium BCE The mythical king Minos The larger land of Crete The citadel—Mycenae The palace—Pylos With centers of wealth and power Its language the early form of Greek. The Dark Age of Greece.

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The Greeks of the Ancient World

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  1. The Greeks of the Ancient World

  2. The Minoan Culture • 2nd millennium BCE • The mythical king Minos • The larger land of Crete • The citadel—Mycenae • The palace—Pylos • With centers of wealth and power • Its language the early form of Greek

  3. The Dark Age of Greece • Palaces destroyed by fire in the last century of the millennium BCE • Written language lost and the Greeks were illiterate for the next few hundred of years • Only a body of oral epic poetry left that was the raw material of Homer

  4. Homer and His Epics • 8 century BCE—Greeks learned how to write again • Shaping the oral epic poetry into written form • The Iliad and The Odyssey • The basis of an education and a whole culture

  5. A Completely Different World View • Pantheism • The arbitrary tendencies of gods • The disorder of the world • A ruler of heaven that can be feared, laughed at, cheated, blamed and admired at the same time • Gods’ sublime disregard of humans • The limited power of Zeus

  6. A Completely Different World View • the blind forces of universe which are not necessarily connected with morality • Death is a human fear, just as the courage to face it is a human quality • Our real admiration are not toward gods but toward mortals [vs. The Old Testament]

  7. City-States of Greece • Geographical features: mountain barriers and scattered islands • Differing from each other in custom, political constitution, and even dialect • Rivals and fierce competitors • 8th-7th centuries BCE: age of great expansion—all over the Mediterranean coast • Adapting the Phoenician system of writing

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