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Taxonomy, Biogeography and Host Relationships of the Phymatopsallus

Taxonomy, Biogeography and Host Relationships of the Phymatopsallus (Miridae: Phylinae): Contribution to a Planetary Biodiversity Inventory (PBI) presented by Randall T. Schuh Curator and Chair Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural History, New York.

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Taxonomy, Biogeography and Host Relationships of the Phymatopsallus

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  1. Taxonomy, Biogeography and Host Relationships of the Phymatopsallus (Miridae: Phylinae): Contribution to a Planetary Biodiversity Inventory (PBI) presented by Randall T. Schuh Curator and Chair Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural History, New York

  2. http://research.amnh.org/pbi

  3. Planetary Biodiversity Inventory Project • Support from US National Science Foundation • 5 Year Project • Four projects funded in 2003 • Plant Bugs • Cat Fish • Solanum • Slime Molds • Three projects funded in 2006 • Spiders (Oonopidae) • Scelionidae (Hymenoptera) • Euphorbia

  4. Summary of PBI Project Goals • Orthotylinae and Phylinae: 4000 described species • ~ 75,000 new specimens from field work • ~ 2000 new vouchered host plants • ~ 550,000 specimens in Specimen Database • ~ 20,000 habitus, morphology, host, and habitat images • ~ 1000 new species described • improved classification • Web-based research tools • Systematic Catalog on-line • Specimen database with web-based data entry • 27,000 page Digital Library

  5. Web-based Systematic Catalog

  6. PBI Specimen Database

  7. Phymatopsallus sensu Knight 1964 simple and flattened setae tubercle on pygophore 1 genus 18 species 3 unequivocal characters marmorate membrane

  8. Phymatopsallus senus novo broader distribution unreversed homoplastic right paramere tubercle on pygophore phallothecal spine marmorate membrane 10 genera 29 species total; 15 new species 9 species-group synonyms 1 unequivocal character

  9. Phymatopsallus group taxa: 1

  10. Phymatopsallus group taxa: 2

  11. Phymatopsallus group taxa: 3

  12. Immediate Outgroup: Schaffneropsallus: Genitalic Structure • Membrane marmorate • Tubercle on pygophore • Vesica with 2 straps • Right paramere lanceolate attenuated • No phallothecal spine

  13. Phymatopsallus group • Membrane marmorate • Tubercle on pygophore present or absent • Vesica with 1 strap • Right paramere truncate, with 2 apical points • 0, 1, or 2 phallothecal spines • Other characters: • color: pale, pink, or green • spots on dorsum present or absent, of variable distribution • left paramere • dorsal margin with or without process • anterior process simple, bifid or cow-horn shaped • posterior process length and curvature • posterior process with break from paramere body or not • vesical spines: present or absent, subapical or medial • form of vestibulum: simple to greatly elongate and elaborate

  14. Arizonapsallus, Angelopsallus: 2 spp.

  15. Genitalic Terminology

  16. Bisulcopsallus: 7 spp.

  17. Bisulcopsallus Genitalic Structure: SEM

  18. Bisulcopsallus Genitalic Structure

  19. Ceratopsallus (part 1): 5 spp.

  20. Ceratopsallus (part 2): 5 spp.

  21. Ceratopsallus Genitalic Structure: SEM

  22. Ceratopsallus Genitalic Structure

  23. Cercocarpopsallus, Knightopsallus: 3 spp.

  24. Cercocarpopsallus Genitalic Structure: SEM

  25. Cercocarpopsallus Genitalic Structure

  26. Knightopsallus Genitalic Structure: SEM

  27. Knightopsallus Genitalic Structure

  28. Phymatopsallus (part 1): 4 spp.

  29. Phymatopsallus (part 2): 1 spp.

  30. Phymatopsallus Genitalic Structure: SEM

  31. Phymatopsallus Genitalic Structure

  32. Salicopsallus, Stictopsallus, Schaffneropsallus: 4 spp.

  33. Salicopsallus Genitalic Structure

  34. Stictopsallus Genitalic Structure

  35. Phylogenetic Analysis • Parsimony approach using NONA • 127 most parsimonious trees • consistency index = 0.55 • retention index = 0.81 • successive weighting = 1 tree from 127 • Implied Weights using PIWE (method of Goloboff, 1993) • 1 heaviest tree • fit = 210.5 • same tree as successive weighting

  36. Phymatopsallus Group Cladogram No phallothecal spine No tubercle on phygophore No phallothecal spine No tubercle on pygophore nautiloid vestibulum

  37. Optimization of Host Data on Cladogram Fabaceae clade Rosaceae clade Fagaceae-Ericaceae clade

  38. Phymatopsallus group taxa

  39. Acknowledgments • Michael Schwartz • Steve Thurston • Christiane Weirauch • Gareth Nelson • Frederic Cherot • National Science Foundation • American Museum of Natural History

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