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What is

What is. ?. Psychology Foundations Unit 1. The History and Scope of Psychology. What is Psychology? Psychology’s Roots Contemporary Psychology Tips for Studying Psychology. Psychology .

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What is

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  1. What is ?

  2. Psychology FoundationsUnit 1

  3. The History and Scope of Psychology What is Psychology? • Psychology’s Roots • Contemporary Psychology • Tips for Studying Psychology

  4. Psychology With hopes of satisfying curiosity, many people listen to talk-radio counselors and psychics to learn about others and themselves. http://www.photovault.com http://www.nbc.com Dr. Crane (radio-shrink) Psychic (Ball gazing)

  5. Psychology’s Roots Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) http://faculty.washington.edu Aristotle, a naturalist and philosopher, theorized about psychology’s concepts. He suggested that the soul and body are not separate and that knowledge grows from experience.

  6. Psychological Science is Born Wundt and psychology’s first graduate students studied the “atoms of the mind” by conducting experiments at Leipzig, Germany, in 1879. This work is considered the birth of psychology as we know it today. Wundt (1832-1920)

  7. Psychological Science is Born James (1842-1910) Mary Calkins American philosopher William James wrote an important 1890 psychology textbook. Mary Calkins, James’s student, became the APA’s first female president.

  8. Psychological Science is Born Freud (1856-1939) Sigmund Freud, an Austrian physician, and his followers emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind and its effects on human behavior.

  9. Psychological Science is Born Psychology originated in many disciplines and countries. It was, until the 1920s, defined as the science of mental life.

  10. Psychological Science Develops Behaviorists Skinner (1904-1990) Watson (1878-1958) Watson and later Skinner emphasized the study of overt behavior as the subject matter of scientific psychology.

  11. Psychological Science Develops Humanistic Psychology Maslow (1908-1970) http://facultyweb.cortland.edu Rogers (1902-1987) http://www.carlrogers.dk Maslow and Rogers emphasized current environmental influences on our growth potential and our need for love and acceptance.

  12. Psychology Today We define psychology today as the scientific study of behavior (what we do) and mental processes (inner thoughts and feelings).

  13. Psychological Associations & Societies The American Psychological Association is the largest organization of psychology with 160,000 members world-wide, followed by the British Psychological Society with 34,000 members.

  14. Psychology’s Big Question Nature versus Nurture The controversy over the relative contributions of biology and experience. Nurture works on what nature endows.

  15. Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis

  16. Psychology’s Current Perspectives

  17. Psychology’s Current Perspectives

  18. Psychology’s Current Perspectives

  19. Psychology’s Subfields: Research

  20. Psychology’s Subfields: Research Data: APA 1997

  21. Psychology’s Subfields: Applied

  22. Psychology’s Subfields: Applied Data: APA 1997

  23. Clinical Psychology vs. Psychiatry A clinical psychologist (Ph.D.) studies, assesses, and treats troubled people with psychotherapy. Psychiatrists on the other hand are medical professionals (M.D.) who use treatments like drugs and psychotherapy to treat psychologically diseased patients.

  24. Tips for Studying Psychology Psychology can teach you how to ask and answer important questions. Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse and Review (SQ3R) • Survey: What you are about to read, including chapter outlines and section heads. • Question: Ask questions. Make notes. • Read: Look for the answer to your questions by reading a manageable amount at a time. • Rehearse: Recall what you’ve read in your own words. Test yourself with quizzes. • Review: What you learn. Read over notes and quickly review the whole chapter.

  25. Tips for Studying Psychology • Distribute your time. • Learn to think critically. • Listen actively in class. • Overlearn. • Be a smart test-taker. Additional Study Hints

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