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Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda- Sarson , 2011)

Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura → Thoracotremata Species : Percnon planissimum ( Herbst , 1804 ) - Flat Rock Crab

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Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda- Sarson , 2011)

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  1. Systematics: Arthropoda→ Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda→ Brachyura→Thoracotremata Species: Percnonplanissimum(Herbst, 1804) - Flat Rock Crab Capture Data: One specimen captured (though many more were sighted) on 9/27/11. Specimen was found in the crevices of rocks at approximately 2m below the surface at around 16:30. Female. Specimen was 10mm from carapace tip to tip. Distribution: Red Sea, India, East Coast of Africa, Japan, Hawaii[1] Morphological Characteristics: A thin carapace, with four acute spines at the anterolateral border. Green markings on the carapace in the form of a Ψ contrasts with the otherwise brown and black coloring. The eyes are reniform in shape, and are orange and black in color. Chelipeds are relatively small, smooth and white on the sides, while retaining a reddish blue on the dorsal. The arms however, are armed with small red-blackish spines. The anterior border of the legs are covered with rather large brown spines, with black bases. The legs themselves, are brown in color, with white dots. The tarsal segment is a bright orange, with a black line running on the dorsal side, along the length of the segment. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of P. planissimum Fig 2: Hand-drawn picturing with emphasis on the anterolateral spines. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) Fig 2 (Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  2. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda→ Brachyura → Heterotremata Species: Pilumnusvespertilio(Fabricius, 1793) = Cancer vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793) - Common Hairy Crab Capture Data: Three specimens between the sizes 15 mm and 30mm were captured on 9/28/11, at approximately 1:00, at our tour of the rock pools during low tide. Two males, one female. Distribution: East coast of Africa, South Africa, Red Sea, Mauritius, Thailand, Taiwan, China, Singapore, Japan and Hawaii[1] Morphological Characteristics: The carapace is transversely oval, and the entire body is covered in a coat of thick, brown hair. Eyes are bead-like in shape, with a bright red hue in color. The tips of the chelipeds are black, but otherwise, white, and strongly granulated. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of P. vespertilio. Fig 2: Hand-drawn picture with emphasis on the hair-covered body. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) a2 a1 Fig 2 (Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  3. Photo Courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011 Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura →Heterotremata Species: Eriphiasmithii(MacLeay, 1838) = E. laevimanasmithii (Alcock, 1898) - Pebble Crab Capture Data: Three specimens, one male and two females were captured on 9/28/11 and 9/29/11 approximately at 13:00, low tide. All specimens, ranging from 60mm to 100mm, were found near rocks, often hiding under or between them. Distribution: Japan, Hawaii, to the coast of the Red Sea, South Africa, and India[1] Morphological Characteristics: Round, fan-shaped carapace, slightly convex with regions of strong granulation towards the frontal. Carapace is a purplish maroon in color, and the anterolateral border is composed of 6-7 acute spines. Depression markings are present as well. Short segmented antennas protrude from the carapace, and are some distance away from the eyes. The red eyes are bead-like, protruding in a Y manner, away from the carapace. The chelipeds are asymmetrical, with the merus strongly granulated dorsally, and the propodus and cparus granulated on all sides but the ventral. The right cheliped is significantly larger than the left – resulting in a major and minor chela – and the dactylus of the major chela is larger than the non-movable finger. The chelipeds mostly share the purplish maroon of the carapace except for regions of green algae growth, but the dactylus of the major chela is a bright red. The ambulatory legs also share the carapace’s color, but are rather heavily covered in red setae. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Hand-drawn picture with emphasis on the granulation chelipeds. Fig 2: Dorsal view of E. smithi. Fig 3: Ventral view of E. smithi. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) Fig 2 a2 a1 Fig 3 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  4. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura →Heterotremata Species: Atergatisfloridus(Linnaeus, 1767) = Cancer floridus(Rumphius, 1705) - Floral Egg Crab Capture Data: A single specimen was found during the rock pool tour on 9/28/11, approximately 13:00; low tide. Specimen is 20mm in length. Female. Distribution: Indo-Pacific regions, East Coast of Africa, and Red Sea[1] Morphological Characteristics: Carapace is transversely oval, and convex with a dark purplish hue. Unique light purple circle markings extend from the eyes to the bottom of the carapace, in a seemingly random fashion. Eyes are black, small, and bead-like. The antennas are smalland tube-like. The chelipeds share the same color as the carapace, but have light dotted markings at the dactlyus and propodus, but not granulated. The ambulatory legs are purple as well, but with a bright yellow at the tips of the tarsus. Remarks: This crab is highly poisonous. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of A. floridus. Fig 2: Hand-drawn picture of the specimen. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) Fig 2 (Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  5. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura →Heterotremata Species: Tiariniacornigera (Latreille, 1825) = Pisa cornigera(Latreille, 1825) Capture Data: Three specimens were found during the rock pool tour on 9/28/11, approximately 13:00; low tide, and additional specimen was later found at 9/29/11 at approximately 12:00, at the rock pools. Specimens range from to 19 mm in length. Three males, one female. Distribution: Indo-Pacific regions and Australia[1] Morphological Characteristics: Carapace is pyriform, with regions of grooves and small spines throughout. Body completely covered in algae, giving it a brownish green coloration. The black-beaded eyes are located on the lateral sides of the carapace. All appendages are moderately armored with small spines on the lateral and dorsal sides. The tips of the dactylus and non-movable finger however, are smooth and white. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of T. cornigera. Fig 2: Hand-drawn picture with emphasis on the algae on the carapace. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) Fig 2(Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  6. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura →Heterotremata Species: Etisuslaevimanus(Randall, 1840) Capture Data: A single specimen, 27mm in length, was captured on 9/29/11, at approximately 13:00 – low tide – at the rock pools. Specimen was found after dislodging a rock. Male. Distribution: Indo-Pacific regions, East Africa, and Australia[1] Morphological Characteristics: Transversely oval, the smooth carapace is grayish-black in color, and has two very small teeth-like spines protruding outwards. Coloration of the carapace is disrupted in the middle, by a distinct white line, which extends from the frontal end to the back. Eyes are incredibly small, but round and black. The entire arm section is consistent with the carapace dorsally and laterally in color, but white at the ventral. Ambulatory appendages are black and gray, with white tipped tarsals. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of E. laevimanus. Fig 2: Hand-drawn picture. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) Fig 2(Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  7. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda→ Brachyura → Thoracotremata Species: Pachygrapsuscrassipes(Randall, 1840) - Lined Shore Crab - Red Rock Crab Capture Data: A single specimen, 19mm in length, was captured on 9/29/11, at approximately 13:00 – low tide – at the rock pools. Specimen was found in the crevices of a “rock wall”. Male. Distribution: Indo-Pacific regions, Hawaii, Western America, and the Galapagos Islands[1] Morphological Characteristics: The gray, subquadrate carapace is convex and covered with black transverse ridges and striae except for some regions which are smooth. The eye is located slightly above the two anterolateral spines, and are black and bead-like. Chelipeds are relatively small, and are decorated in a near-transparent gray, with black stripes running in a band-like manner, around the arm. The ambulatory appendages are also decorated in this manner, with gray-near-transparent tips on the tarsus. Remarks: Specimen was eaten by a larger crab… Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of P. crassipes. Fig 2: Hand-drawn picture with emphasis on the transverse ridges and striae. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) Fig 2(Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  8. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura →Thoracotremata Species: Sesarmapicta(de Haan, 1835) =Parasesarmapictum(Yamaguchi et al., 1976) Capture Data: A single specimen, 20mm in length, was captured on 9/28/11, at approximately 18:00 – high tide – between the crevices of a “rock wall”. Male. Two more specimens, ranging from 15-23mm in length were captured on 9/29/11, in the same location, but at approximately 12:30 – low tide. Distribution: Indo-Pacific regions[1] Morphological Characteristics: Rectangular carapace is slightly concave and yellowish-brown in color. Black patches blotch the carapace in a dotty manner, but varies by specimen. Eyes are slightly egg-like, green-black, and protrude from the carapace in a Y-like manner. Chelipeds are yellow, and strongly granulated in black on the dorsal and lateral. The ambulatory appendages are granulated in this manner as well, but also have black setae throughout. These are particularly prominent at the dorsal and ventral. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of S. picta. Fig 2: Hand-drawn picture with emphasis on the patterns present on the carapace. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) Fig 2(Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  9. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura →Heterotremata Species: Leptodiusexaratus(H. Edwards, 1834) =Xanthoexaratus(Alcock, 1898) Capture Data: A single specimen, 24mm in length, was captured on 9/29/11, at approximately 13:00 – low tide – at the rock pools. Specimen was found after dislodging a rock. Male. Distribution: Indo-Pacific regions, Red Sea, South Africa, and Hawaii[1] Morphological Characteristics: Anterolateral region of the carapace is slightly rigid. Carapace is grayish-brown in color with black dotted markings, marking small grooves that run laterally. Eyes are very small, black and bead-like. Chelipeds are smooth, and dark gray, with black tips. The ambulatory appendages are grayish-brown in color, with black bands running around the leg. The tip of the tarsus, though, is slightly yellow. Remarks: The specimen was caught with one claw missing. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Dorsal view of L. exaratus. Fig 2: Hand-drawn picture. Note, Xantho (= Leptodius) exaratus is a synonym. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Luke Ueda-Sarson, 2011) Fig 2(Photo courtesy to June Kim, 2011) K. Chen and J. Kim

  10. Systematics: Arthropoda → Crustacea → Malacostraca → Eucarida → Decapoda → Brachyura →Heterotremata Species: Merocryptoidesfrontalis(Sakai, 1963) Capture Data: A single specimen, 3mm in length, was captured on 9/28/11, at approximately 12:00 – low tide – at the rock pools. Unknown sex. Distribution: Japan[2]. Morphological Characteristics: Carapace is subrhomboidal in shape, with transversely running ridges in the middle, and granulation scattered. Coloration is red, with patches of white. The chelipeds are strongly granulated, red with patches of brown and white. The ambulatory legs are heavily granulated as well, with a ‘patella-like’ structure, white, which attaches the two segments. Tips of the tarsus are white, while most of the legs retain the same coloration and patterns as the carapace. Remarks: Species belongs to a genus with only three species described, all being endemic to Japan. Figure Legend: Fig 1: Doral view of the specimen, under magnification. Fig 2: Drawing of the species taken from Hironori Komatsu and MasatsuneTakeda, 2001. ab fd cf h spd Fig 1 (Photo courtesy to Shin Kobota, 2011) Fig 2 (Referenced from H. Komatsu and M. Takeda, 2001) K. Chen and J. Kim

  11. References http://Wikipedia.org http://webs.lander.edu/pf.htm?&pf=/rsfox/invertebrates/farfantepenaeus.html [1]http://species-identification.org/ • [2]On Merocryptoides, a Leucosiid Crab Genus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) Endemic to Japan, with Description of Two New Species by Hironori Komatsu and Masatsune Takeda, 2001 • Encyclopedia Zoologica Illustrated in ColoursVolume IV by Okada& Uchida • Guide to Seashore Animals of Japan with Color Pictures and Keys Vol. II by Nishimura Saburou • Japanese Crustacean Decapods and Stomatopods in Color Vol. II by Sadayoshi Miyake K. Chen and J. Kim

  12. Photo Credits [1] http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3281/3085177911_0dc4c6d520.jpg [2] http://www.bio.miami.edu/dana/pix/trilobite.jpg [3] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Scolopendra_cingulata_-_D7-08-2291.JPG [4] http://163.16.28.248/bio/activelearner/29/images/ch29c3.jpg [5] http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSyL6eeSCgEKqFwcMFpumdqFFJKQ2W76hiX0huY1wm2TVkVYfTs88vyppoBOw [6] http://www.unl.edu/museum/research/entomology/Guide/Scarabaeoidea/Scarabaeidae/Rutelinae/Rutelinae-Tribes/Rutelini/Chrysina [7] http://www.obs-vlfr.fr/~gaspari/copepods_guide/images/legs_morpho.gif [8] http://www.tamug.edu/schulze/images/Nauplius%20sp.jpg [9] http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/images/taxa/inverts/lasionectes_b.jpg [10] http://www.core-orsten-research.de/images/taxon%20pictures/eucrustacea/Cephalocarida.jpg [11] http://www.mikrofauna-videos.de/img/cont_scenes/scene_ostracoda02.jpg [12] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mantis_shrimp_from_front.jpg/444px-Mantis_shrimp_from_front.jpg [13] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Gammarus_roeselii.jpg/800px-Gammarus_roeselii.jpg [14] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg/270px-Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg [15] http://www.absolutelyfish.com/photos/inverts/crustaceans/images/harliquinshrimp.jpg [16] http://thecallinectesfamily.webs.com/crab21La_x550_x_438x.gif [17] http://njscuba.net/zzz_biology/anatomy_crab.jpg [18] http://library.thinkquest.org/26153/marine/sketch/732a.jpg [19] http://www.tamug.edu/schulze/images/zoea.jpg [20] http://tipsfortips.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/male-or-female.jpg

  13. The End… K. Chen and J. Kim

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