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Transitioning to ESXi with vSphere 4.1

Transitioning to ESXi with vSphere 4.1. Mark Monce – Sr. Systems Engineer. We Are Converging on the ESXi Architecture. Brand History 2007 – ESX 3i 2008 – ESXi 3.x (Free, Std, Adv, Ent ) 2009 – vSphere ESX (Std, Adv, Ent , E+), ESXi (Free, Std, Adv, Ent , E+)

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Transitioning to ESXi with vSphere 4.1

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  1. Transitioning to ESXi with vSphere 4.1 Mark Monce – Sr. Systems Engineer

  2. We Are Converging on the ESXi Architecture • Brand History • 2007 – ESX 3i • 2008 – ESXi 3.x (Free, Std, Adv, Ent) • 2009 – vSphere ESX (Std, Adv, Ent, E+), ESXi(Free, Std, Adv, Ent, E+) • 2010 – “VMware Hypervisor” (Free); vSphere ESX/ESXi (all paid editions) • VMware will converge on the ESXi architecture in mid 2011. • End-of-Sale ≠ End of Support: ESX 4.0 (with Service Console) will be supported at least through May 2014 according to the VMware vSphere Support Life Cycle (HW enablement is limited to first 2 years): Years After Release 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 General Availability General Extended 1st Minor Rel. General Extended Please Look up the Details on vmware.com

  3. Agenda • Overview of ESXi • Hardware Monitoring and Systems Management • Infrastructure Services • Command Line Interfaces • Diagnostics and Troubleshooting

  4. New and Improved Paradigm for ESX Management Service Console (COS) Agentless vAPI-based Management Agents Hardware Agents Agentless CIM-based Commands forconfiguration anddiagnostics vCLI, PowerCLI Local Support Console CIM API vSphere API Infrastructure Integration Agents Native Agents:NTP, Syslog, SNMP “Classic” VMware ESX VMware ESXi

  5. Agenda • Overview of ESXi • Hardware Monitoring and Systems Management • Infrastructure Services • Command Line Interfaces • Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • Next Steps

  6. Management Server Management Client VMkernel Platform CPU Memory Network Storage Hardware Monitoring with CIM • Common Information Model (CIM) • Agent-less, standards based monitoring of hardware resources • Output readable by 3rd party management tools via standard APIs • VMware and Partner CIM providers for specific hardware devices WS-MAN CIM Broker VMware Providers Partner Providers Hardware Hardware

  7. Monitor and Manage Health of Server Hardware with vCenter New CIM Interface • Detailed hardware health monitoring • Physical and virtual visibility on server health • vCenter alarms alert when hardware failures occur • Host hardware fan status • Host hardware power status • Host hardware system board status • Host hardware temperature status New vCenter Alarms for Hardware

  8. Third Party Hardware Monitoring • OEMs HW Monitoring through their Management Consoles HP SIM 5.3.2+ Dell Open Manager Server Administrator 6.1 • view server and storage asset data • view server and storage health information • view alert and command logs • configure hardware (e.g. storage, BIOS)

  9. ESXi (VMware Hypervisor) OEM Versions • VMware, Dell, IBM, HP versions available at www.vmware.com/go/get-free-esxi (requires registration)

  10. New Feature: Update Manager to deploy 3rd party code • Behavior of VMware Update Manager in vSphere 4.0 • Can only deploy updates if obtained from online depot • CANNOT deploy downloaded packages (“offline bundles”) • Drivers • CIM providers • Other modules • Can only do on ESXi via ‘vihostupdate’ CLI tool • Operates only host-by-host • Not tracked centrally • Behavior with VMware Update Manager in vSphere 4.1 • Can import offline bundles into repository • Deployed and managed just like all other updates

  11. Majority of Systems Management and Back Up Vendors Support ESXi

  12. New Feature: Additional Deployment Option • Boot From SAN • Fully supported in ESXi 4.1 • Was only experimentally supported in ESXi 4.0 • Initially only FC-SAN support; iSCSI supported; FCOE supported, other being considered

  13. New Feature: Additional Deployment Option • Scripted Installation • Numerous choices for installation • Installer booted from • CD-ROM (default) • Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) • ESXi Installation image on • CD-ROM (default), HTTP / HTTPS, FTP, NFS • Script can be stored and accessed • Within the ESXi Installer ramdisk (default) • On the installation CD-ROM • HTTP / HTTPS, FTP, NFS • Configuration script (“ks.cfg”) can include other scripts • Preinstall • Postinstall • First boot

  14. Agenda • Overview of ESXi • Hardware Monitoring and Systems Management • Infrastructure Services • Command Line Interfaces • Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • Next Steps

  15. Infrastructure Services for Production Environments

  16. New Feature: Built-in Active Directory Service

  17. Active Directory Service • Provides authentication for all local services • vSphere Client • Other access based on vSphere API • DCUI • Tech Support Mode (local and remote) • Has nominal Active Directory groups functionality • Members of “ESX Admins” AD group have Administrative privilege • Administrative privilege includes: • Full Administrative role in vSphere Client and vSphere API clients • DCUI access • Tech Support Mode access (local and remote)

  18. Agenda • Overview of ESXi • Hardware Monitoring and Systems Management • Infrastructure Services • Command Line Interfaces • Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • Next Steps

  19. vCLI and PowerCLI: primary scripting interfaces • vCLI and PowerCLI built on same API as vSphere Client • Same authentication (e.g. Active Directory), roles and privileges, event logging • API is secure, optimized for remote environments, firewall-friendly, standards-based vCLI vSpherePowerCLI Other utility scripts Otherlanguages vSphere SDK vSphere Client vSphere Web Service API

  20. New Feature: Additional vCLI configuration commands • Storage • esxcliswiscis session: Manage iSCSI sessions • esxcliswiscsinic: Manage iSCSI NICs • esxcliswiscsivmknic: List VMkernel NICs available for binding to particular iSCSI adapter • esxcliswiscsivmnic: List available uplink adapters for use with a specified iSCSI adapter • esxclivaii device: Display information about devices claimed by the VMware VAAI (vStorage APIs for Array Integration) Filter Plugin. • esxclicorestorage device: List devices or plugins. Used in conjunction with hardware acceleration. • Full esxcli reference guide: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vsphere4/r40/vsp_40_vcli.pdf

  21. Agenda • Overview of ESXi • Hardware Monitoring and Systems Management • Infrastructure Services • Command Line Interfaces • Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • Next Steps

  22. Diagnostic Commands for ESXi: vCLI • Familiar set of ‘esxcfg-*’ commands available in vCLI • Names mapped to ‘vicfg-*’ • Also includes • vmkfstools • vmware-cmd • resxtop • Additional commands not available in COS • vifs: transfer of log, config, and VM files to/from host/datastores • vicfg-volume (VMFS volume management) • esxcli (multi-pathing module management)

  23. New Feature: Additional vCLI troubleshooting commands • Network • esxcli network: List active connections or list active ARP table entries. • Storage • NFS statistics available in resxtop • Virtual Machine • esxcli vms: Forcibly stop virtual machines that do not respond to normal stop operations, by using kill commands. • NOTE: designed to kill VMs in a reliable way (not dependent upon well-behaving system)

  24. Restart/Reset of Agents • Menu item to restart all management agents, including • Hostd • vpxa • Menu item to reset all configuration settings • Fix a misconfigured vNetwork Distributed Switch • Reset all configurations

  25. Browser-based access of config files https://boise.eng.vmware.com/host

  26. Browser-based access of log files https://boise.eng.vmware.com/host/messages

  27. Browser-based access of datastore files Disk Descriptor https://boise.eng.vmware.com/folder

  28. New Feature: Full Support of Tech Support Mode

  29. New Feature: Full Support of Tech Support Mode Can enable in vCenter or DCUI

  30. New Feature: Full Support of Tech Support Mode Big Scary Warningwill be removed… …but admin will benotified when active

  31. New Feature: Full Support of Tech Support Mode • Timeout automatically disables Tech Support Mode (local and remote) • Running sessions are not terminated • All commands issued in Tech Support Mode are sent to syslog

  32. New Feature: Additional commands in Tech Support Mode • Additional commands for troubleshooting • vscsiStats • nc (netcat) • tcpdump-uw

  33. ESXi Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • If things go wrong: • During normal operations: DCUI: misconfigs / restart mgmt agents vCLI vCenter vSphere APIs TSM: Advanced troubleshooting ESXi Local/Remote Access Remote Access

  34. New Feature: Total Lockdown • Ability to totally control local access via vCenter Server • DCUI • Lockdown Mode (all access based on vSphere API) • Tech Support Mode (local and remote) • If all configured, then no local activity possible (except pull the plugs)

  35. Summary of new features in ESXi 4.0 • Deployment Options • Boot from SAN • Scripted Installation (a la “Kickstart”) • Centralized updating of 3rd party code • VMware Update Manager can deploy drivers, CIM providers, other modules • Improved Local Authentication • Built-in Active Directory Service • DCUI and Tech Support Mode access by any authorized user (not just root) • Easier CLI options for troubleshooting • Full support of Tech Support Mode – both local and remote (via SSH) • Additional commands in Tech Support Mode: vscsiStats, nc, tcpdump-uw, etc. • Additional management options in vCLI: SCSI, VAAI, Network, VM • Better control over local activity • DCUI and Tech Support Mode is configurable in vCenter Server • Total host lockdown possible • Activity in Tech Support Mode is sent to syslog

  36. Agenda • Overview of ESXi • Hardware Monitoring and Systems Management • Infrastructure Services • Command Line Interfaces • Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • Next Steps

  37. VMware Management Assistant (VMA) • - Virtual Appliance Downloadable from VMware Appliance Market Place • - CentOS Operating Systems • - VMware Tools • - VMware Remote CLI • - Perl SDK • - CIM-S • CIM Profiles compatible with SMI-S Standards

  38. Thank You Mark Monce mmonce@vmware.com

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