The Use of ICT Indicators for Monitoring ICT Development : Thailand Experiences

1. The Use of ICT Indicators for Monitoring ICT Development:Thailand Experiences presented byChadamas ThuvasethakulNECTECThailand

2. The need to have information/indeces to monitor the progress of ICT Master Plan implementation The need to have indeces that are conformed to international standards to compare and benchmark with others (such as GCI, NRI, DAI etc.) The need to unify ICT indicators which have been scatterred so that they can be used in policy decision making on a continual basis (Prime Minister’s initiative on the Operation Center – PMOC, MOC, DOC) GCI = Global Competitiveness Index (World Economic Forum) NRI = Network Readiness Index (World Economic Forum)DAI = Digital Access Index (International Telecommunication Union) Why do we need ICT indicators?

3. Internationally-harmonized Statistical / measurement tools that are Simple to use Broadly cover diverse environment Sufficiently balanced (i.e., covers social/economic, supply side/demand side, etc.) Sensitive enough to reflect differences between societies What kinds of indicators are we looking for to assess the Information Society ?

4. National NeedsMonitoring the progress ofICT Master Plan implementation

5. 3. Reform ICT Research & Development Strategies in the ICT Master Plan 4. Raise potential infrastructure for future Competitiveness 7. E-Government กับการ 1. Promotionof Thai ICT Industry 6. ICT for SMEs 2. ICT for better Quality of Life 5. Develop entrepreneurships towards export expansion

6. (1) Index of the ICT contribution to the economy e. g. ICT Growth, Employment (2) Index of the competitiveness of the country's ICT industry such as ratio of ICT expenditures to GDP, share of Thai software industry in the world market (3) Index of role of ICT in community development e.g. value of local content, amount of local traffic in relation to total Internet access, the increase in Thai-content Web pages (4) Index of role of ICT in human resource development such as the use of e-learning, and availability of ICT tools and experts in both formal and non-formal education Indicators to Assess Overall Successof the Master Plan

7. Number of qualified researchers, software developers, and certified professional developers Total value of government IT projects in which Thai entrepreneurs are involved Government's IT budget (for both hardware and software) Expansion of software market in the country Total value of exported software Total value of exported ICT products Ratio of domestic software development and open-source software systems to total value of software market in each year Increase in number of software developers and market capitalization Decrease in imported software Etc. Strategy 1 Promotion of Thai ICT Industry (Examples – for other strategies, consult chapter 7, ICT Master Plan)

8. Has the objective to develop a comprehensive ICT indicators database that allow for an assessment of the country’s progress on many aspects of the information society. The project also aims to set up a systematic mechanism in collecting, analyzing, and disseminating a core list of ICT indicators on a continual basis. These indicators to be put on-line at MICT Operations Center and the Prime Minister Operations Center, to help in policy decision process Unified ICT Indicators Project

9. A working team - partnership between NECTEC, Ministry of Science and Technology and NSO, Ministry of Information and Communication Technology since August 2003. Collaboration with others including -National Economic and Social Development Board, Ministry of Education, TOT Corporation, CAT Telecom etc. Making Indicators available

10. Review existing lists of ICT indicators, such as, OECD, ASEAN e-readiness, UNCTAD, ICT Master Plan, etc.. Holding consultative sessions.. 133 are identified to be included in the core list 133 indicators divided into 9 categories Methodologies

11. 9 categories ICT human resources (30) ICT Market (28) Internet (22) ICT use in the government (20) Telecommunications (10) E-Commerce (9) ICT R&D and patents (7) General macroeconomic indeces (6) Broadcasting (1) Methodologies (2)

12. Of 133 indicators, 94 has clear definition, or can assume a proxy/proxies for that particular indicator, whereas 39 does not have either clear definition, available indeces, and agengies that are responsible Of 94, only 63 has data available or can reasonable assume proxy/proxies Methodologies (3)

13. Staged approach: Start with the existing data Add data which can be derived or calculated from existing data Conduct new surveys for the indicators which we have never collected before (started in 2001, full scale in 2004) Further research for suitable indicators and methodology Making Indicators available

14. Thailand ICT Indicators 2003-2004 Thailand ICT Indicator Series I(October 2003) Thailand ICT Indicator 2005(February 2005) ICT Uptake:Thailand in the Information Age(July 2004) Presented ICT indicators in 9 areas presentedICT indicators in 9 areas 1. Telecommunications 2. Internet 3. Broadcasting 4. e-Commerce 5. ICT Market/Industry 6. ICT Human Resource 7. ICT in Government Sector 8. R&D Patents 9. Regulatory Framework 1. Telecommunications 2. Internet 3. Broadcasting 4. e-Commerce 5. ICT Market/Industry 6. ICT Human Resource 7. ICT in Government Sector 8. R & D 9. Computer Usage

15. NSO NESDB BOT Dept. of Business Trade, Min. of Commerce Office of the Comptroller General National Research Council of Thailand Ministry of Education NECTEC Data/Information Contributions Received Government Private • TOT • CAT Telecom • SET • ATCI • ATSI • ISP • The Information Network Association • Business Software Alliance (BSA)

16. International Cooperation onICT Indicators NECTEC has cooperated with theCenter of the International Cooperation for Computerization (CICC), Japan to organizeThe Third Asian Forum for Information Technology (October2004)

17. Thailand has been active in cooperation within ASEAN under ASEAN TelMin/TelSOM to develop a core list of ICT indicators (already endorsed by TelMIN) as follows: Infrastucture (13, 2) Trade (5, 0) Qualifications (5, 1) The ICT sector (11, 4) Business’s readiness and use of ICT (12, 2) E-Government (12, 4) Household’s and individual’s readiness and use of ICT (4, 5) Use of ICTs in schools (0, 2) Patents (0, 3) Total approx. 62 core indicators and 23 suppl. indicators ASEAN Core List of ICT Indicators

18. Data availability: scattered data in various agencies, differing frequency, differing definitions  consultation and consensus needed to develop a common understanding Need to increase awareness and recognition of the importance of ICT indicators  have to convince them that some can be used as their KPI measures..top-down endorsement at the policy-level may also be needed Challenges & Lessons Learned

19. Need to increase awareness and recognition of the importance of ICT indicators among general public and industry so that they are willing to cooperate in the process to develop the indicators Determining the core list is an essential step in order to capture a full coverage of ICT development within the country. Each indicator should have a clear purpose and relate to information needed for policy decision Capacity building of personnel as well as international collaboration remains the key in this endeavor. Challenges & Lessons Learned

20. Study to conceptualize and collect indicators to monitor the impact of ICT to the economy, e.g., Contribution of value added in the ICT sector to total business sector value added Contribution of employment in the ICT sector to total business sector employment Contribution of production value in the ICT sector to total business sector production value Contribution of revenue in the ICT sector to total business sector revenue Growth of revenue in the ICT sector, Etc. Future Plan

21. Thank Youchadamas@nectec.or.th

22. Selected Indicators

23. การแพร่กระจาย (Diffusion) Computer Mobilephone ?? Internet ICTs TV &Radio

24. Percentage of Households with Television/Radio

25. Number of Fixed Lines per 100 Inhabitants (1999-2004)

26. Number of Fixed Lines per 100 Inhabitants by Location (1999-2004) Lines Year

27. Number of Mobile Phone Users (2000-2004)

28. Percentage of Households with Computers (2001-2004)

29. Internet Penetration by Location (2001-2004)

30. Number of Internet Users (1998-2004)

31. การใช้งาน (Usage) e-Government e-Commerce e-Education

32. Percentage of Establishments with ICTs by Size (2003)

33. Percentage of Business Establishments with Internet Access by Economic Activities (2003) % of establishments

34. ฐานรากแห่งการพัฒนา HR and R&D

35. ICT Workforce (2001-2003)

36. R&D Personnel in ICT Field (1996-2001)

37. e-Commerce Transaction Value* (2003)

38. Government Budget on Computer Equipment(1998-2004)

39. Number of Government Web Sites by Type of Online Services (2004)

40. Government e-Auction by Value (2002-2004)

41. ICT R&D Researchers by Sector (2001)

42. National R&D Expenditures (1991-2001)

43. ข้อมูลมีอยู่กระจัดกระจายในหลายหน่วยงาน ยังไม่มีผู้จัดเก็บข้อมูลสำคัญบางรายการ ขาดความเข้าใจร่วมกันในนิยาม ความหมาย และขอบเขตของข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง ยังไม่ตระหนักถึงความสำคัญของสถิติด้าน ICT กลไกการจัดเก็บ/รวบรวม และเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลยังอยู่ในขั้นเริ่มต่น ปัญหาและอุปสรรคของการจัดเก็บข้อมูล

44. สิ่งที่เนคเทคริเริ่ม เป็นเพื่อให้เกิดการตระหนักถึงความสำคัญและความจำเป็นของตัวชี้วัดด้าน ICT สมควรหน่วยงานที่มีความเกี่ยวข้องโดยตรงทำการสานต่อ เนคเทคยินดีเป็นหน่วยงานสนับสนุนในด้านข้อมูล เนคเทคยินดีให้ความร่วมมือกับหน่วยงานกลาง ในเรื่องของข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวกับตัวชี้วัดที่ทำอยู่ การดำเนินการในอนาคต

45. ควร... มีหน่วยงานกลางที่ทำหน้าที่เป็นศูนย์กลางในการประสานงาน รวบรวม และนำเสนอข้อมูล สร้างความรู้ ความเข้าใจระหว่างหน่วยงานร่วมกันในเรื่องแนวคิด และวิธีการจัดเก็บข้อมูลด้าน ICT สร้างแนวทางการดำเนินงานที่ชัดเจนร่วมกัน พร้อมทั้งมีกลไกการจัดส่ง/เชื่อมโยงข้อมูล และบุคคลที่ติดต่อที่ชัดเจน มีการเผยแพร่สู่สาธารณชน ส่งเสริมให้หน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องนำข้อมูลไปใช้ ข้อเสนอแนะเพื่อนำไปสู่การมีระบบ/ฐานข้อมูลด้าน ICT

46. ดาวน์โหลดเอกสารที่น่าสนใจเพิ่มเติมได้ที่www.nectec.or.th/pld/ดาวน์โหลดเอกสารที่น่าสนใจเพิ่มเติมได้ที่www.nectec.or.th/pld/ - Thailand ICT Indicators 2005- รายงานการสำรวจกลุ่มผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตในประเทศไทย ปี 2543-2547- ICT Uptake 2004: Thailand in the Information Age- Thailand ICT Indicators Series I (2003-2004)

47. Basic Telecommunications (4) -Teledensity -Number of ICT backbone providers -Full capacity of backbone system of data transmission -Traffic level (Gbps) at peak times that each Internet Exchange Points can support WSIS Plan of Action – Indicators

48. Basic Access to the Internet (21) -Number of computer users by gender, age, education, income -Number of Internet users by gender, age, education, income -Number of households with a computer -Number of households with Internet access -Number of public Internet access -Number of districts with telecenter -Number of district with Websites -Number of communities that can apply ICT to their local economy -High-speed Internet access penetration -Number of PCs in rural areas -Number of local communities with Websites -Expenditure on research and development in ICT infrastructure and applications -Number of schools with computer and Internet access -Number of schools with Websites -Number of students per computer -Average number of connected computers in each school -Number of schools with ICT implementation plan -Percentage of a national education budget is allocated for ICT -Number of universities with high-speed Internet connection -Number of household having teleworking -Investment on ICT infrastructure by government and private sector WSIS Plan of Action – Indicators

49. Affordable Access Devices (5) -Number of locally assembled lower-cost PCs -Ratio of locally assembled PCs usage -Expenditure on research and development in affordable ICT equipment -Presence of research on non-text based computer interfaces -Expenditure on research and development in ICT accessibility for disadvantaged groups WSIS Plan of Action – Indicators

50. Human Capacity Building (19) -Number of ICT based lessons in the curriculum relative to the overall curriculum time for the subject -Percentage of educational content covered by ICT based instructional materials -Number of ICT training courses for teachers -Number of teachers with IT access and utilizing IT as educational tools -Number of ICT related curriculums in universities -Percentage of ICT management courses -Number of schools with Websites produced by students -Number of students who demonstrate only basic ICT skills -Number of students who demonstrate advanced ICT skills -Number of hours per week for ICT-aided instruction -Number of people receiving ICT training courses from the Ministry of Labor -Number of online courses -Number of ICT related curriculum for distance learning -Number of workers who graduated from ICT distance learning programmes -Number of universities that have ICT programmes link with international educational institutions -Number of ICT training course with international cooperation -Number of volunteer programmes on ICT training -Number of ICT related Train-the-trainer programmes -Number of programmes to eradicate illiteracy by using ICTs WSIS Plan of Action - Indicators