World bank Avian influenza Simulation exercise

1. World bankAvian influenza Simulation exercise Exploring Cross-Sectoral Communications

2. Background • Avian Influenza in Africa • Role of the Africa Avian Influenza Task Force • Funding Availability • Africa Country Programs • Collaboration between ESSD, HNP & Communications • Capacity Building of Staff through Workshop • Strengthening technical capacity • Improving cross-sectoral collaboration • interactive role-play Ministry exercise

3. Introductions

4. National Plans-AI Simulations • Orientation • Table-top exercise • Drill • Functional exercise • Full-scale exercise

5. Scope of AI Simulations • Outbreak and/or Pandemic

6. Orientation • An introduction to acquaint participants with: • Planning Process • Overview of the National Plan • Procedures • Equipment • Group setting • Little or no simulation • Discussion possible, but not interactive • Best for ensuring that personnel understand their roles and responsibilities

7. Table-Top Exercises • Interactive learning exercise • Facilitated analysis of a simulated emergency situation, based on existing operational plans • Informal and stress-free environment • Designed to elicit constructive discussion as participants: • Act out critical steps • Recognize difficulties • Resolve problems • Best for familiarizing with roles, demonstrating proper coordination, examining logic of plans and integrating new policies into the decision making process

8. Drills • Coordinated and Supervised activity • Focuses on only a small part of the integrated national plan • Tests a operation or function onsite Culling Drill

9. Functional Exercise • Emergency simulation • Interactive under medium stress • May be cross-sectoral • Designed to test the capability of an organization • Held in emergency agency environment • Field operations simulated through messages • Best for training and evaluating operations and management.

10. Full Scale Exercise • Mobilizes several components of the plan simultaneously • Simulates a real event as closely as possible by including a field component • Designed to evaluate on-scene management and operational capacity of systems with command center coordination • Highly stressful environment • Serves to evaluate entire plan

11. Time & Preparation Required • Orientation • 2 weeks; participants need no prior training • Table-Top Exercise • 1 month; scenario development, facilitator and evaluator training, participant selection • Drill • 1 month; easy to design, participants need orientation • Functional Exercise • 6-18 months; staff need experience in functions being tested, controllers and evaluators training, prior drills • Full-Scale Exercise • 1-1 ½ years; prior table-top, drill and functional exercises

12. Business Continuity “Simulation” • Corporate senior management • Non-business groups represented: Government, Healthcare, and International Organizations • Operations consequences and loss of income due to: • Workforce shortages • Supply chain disruptions

13. WB Avian Influenza Exercise • Role Play vs Actual Stakeholders • Tabletop exercise • Act out steps, identify difficulties & solve problems • Coordination, plan logic, integrate new policies • Focus on Outbreak and Suspected Human Case (WHO Phase 3) Human Infection(s) with a new subtype, but no human-to-human spread, or at most rare instances of spread to a close contact. Pandemic

14. Role-Playing 101 Similar to acting, but more sincere • Forget one’s actual position with WB or a Partner Organization • Imagine actually representing the Ministry • Embrace that perspective, limitations, ‘private’ agendas, etc. • Be that other person for the exercise • There are no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ behaviors

15. WB Avian Influenza Exercise • Role Play vs Actual Stakeholders • Tabletop exercise • Act out steps, identify difficulties & solve problems • Coordination, plan logic, integrate new policies • Focus on Outbreak and Suspected Human Case (WHO Phase 3) Human Infection(s) with a new subtype, but no human-to-human spread, or at most rare instances of spread to a close contact. Pandemic

16. Zilmania • Suspension of disbelief • semi-conscious decision in which you put aside your disbelief and accept the premise as being real for the duration of the exercise • Country Narrative • Visual Cues: • Flag • Television Newscast • Assignments to Ministries

18. Scenario Variables Rural Urban • Remote village 30km from any city • Governed by headsman • Diseased chickens from backyard farm • Child in contact with sick birds is suspected case • Neither media nor vet/health infrastructure • Capitol of Baharu • 4 million population • 19 large commercial poultry farms and 600 small or middle-size farms • large-scale bird deaths among 40,000 chickens at one farm • Poultry worker suspected case • Mass media and infrastructure

19. How the Scenarios Differed • As in real life, the Ministries in the exercise were given different information and private agendas • ‘PROPRIETARY’ information in different scenarios: • Sector appropriate info • Level of detail AND • Information on political sensitivities • Information on power dynamics

20. MOA/MOH/MOC;Shareholders to Consider Handout • Ministries: • Agriculture • Health • Communications • Army • Transportation • Finance • Commerce • Tourism • Education • Other Government: • President/Prime Minister • Parliament • Partner Organizations: • FAO • OiE • WHO • ALive • CDC • Unicef • World Bank • Bilateral Donors • Poultry Association • Civil Society Groups

21. Progression of the Exercise

22. Materials Developed • Zilmania Narrative • Flag • TV • Urban and Rural scenario • Background information for each ministry • Commodity prices for budget preparation • List of Stakeholders • Technical material binders • Questions/Outputs to address • Facilitation guidelines for execution of exercise

23. Progression of the Exercise

24. Progression of the Exercise

25. Outcomes • Reinforced knowledge of technical issues • Brought to the forefront the importance of inter-sectoral communications and collaboration • Saw the need for effective external communications

26. Nigeria AI Project • HPAI confirmed in Nigeria Feb. 2, 2006 • Between Feb. 2006 and April 2007, outbreaks in 84 localities in 24 states • IDA loan of $50 million • Facility effective June 22, 2006 • Emergency Multi-Sectoral Project: • Response and containment • Control and Prevention • Preparedness and Planning

27. Project Implementation Problems • Supervision Mission in May 2007 indicated slow implementation due to: • Project management structured under existing and separate Agricultural and Health programs (FADAMA II and HSDP II) • Lack of effective Monitoring and Evaluation and no clear, prioritized action plans for the 3 components • Weak inter-ministerial collaboration • Interventions not reaching the field level

28. Addressing the Sectoral Divide • Workshop for Government Ministers, Federal Sector Coordinators, and 74 State Officials • AI simulation exercise will be used to help strengthen AI technical plan and improve inter-sectoral collaboration

29. Comments; Questions, Discussion