India

1. India Presented by Evelyn Lawrence homepage

2. India • India has well over a billion people, 1,095,351,995- (2006 est. ). • India’s economy today is the fourth-largest in the world. Its economy is one of the fastest-growing in the world. • Agriculture is 60% of India’s industry. Its agricultural produce include rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry and fish. • Major industries include textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum and machinery; which accounts for 17%. • India has twenty-eight states. It’s capital is New Delhi. It also has seven territories. • India recognizes twenty-two official languages, including the official national language, Hindi, and English. • For most of India’s independent history, has been ruled by the Indian National Congress. • India has three National Holidays • Republic Day (January 26) – The Constitution of India came into effect January 26, 1950. • Independence Day (August 15) – India gained its independence from the British Empire August 15, 1947. • Gandhi Jayanti (October 2) – The Birth Date of Mahatma Gandhi.

3. New Delhi • Capital of India. • Population (2001) 13,850,507. • Delhi is divided into nine districts. • Has it’s own Legislative Assembly, Lieutenant Governor, Council of Ministers, and Chief Minister. • Delhi is a very cosmopolitan city due to the multi-ethic and multi-cultural and ever growing population. • Deli has a steadily-increasing quality of life, a booming economy and consumer market. • Delhi hosts many of India’s major educational institutions, and many quality schools. • Delhi is home to a number of museums, art galleries, parks, and theatres. • Delhi is marked with several ancient monuments like Humayun, Deli Fort, India Gate, Lotus Temple, Akshardham, Raj Ghat, Laxinarayan Temple.

4. Andhra Pradesh • Is a state in South India. • Established October 1, 1953. • Official languages Telugu and Urdu. • Major link between North and South India. • There are twenty-three districts of Andhra Pradesh. • It is the fifth largest, with a population of 75,727,000 (2001). • With two major rivers running through the state agriculture is their chief source of income. • Andhra Pradesh is rich state in minerals, second in the country. • Hyderabad is the capital. • Sixth largest cosmopolitan city in India. • Rich in culture, history and industrial growth. • Vizag, Andhra’s main port, is home to the Indian Navy’s Eastern Naval Command.

5. Arunachal Pradesh • Arunachal Pradesh is part of what are called the Seven Sister States of Northeast of India. • It is one of two main disputed regions between India and China. • It was given full statehood in November 1986. • Population 1,091,117 (2001) • Capital Itanagar. • Important economic activities is farming. • Official languages English, Adi, Nishi, Monpa

6. Assam • A northeastern state of India. • Capital is Dispur. • Population 26,638,407 (2001) • Is a multiethnic society. • Forty-five different languages • It experiences heavy rainfall between March and September. • Assam is very rich in vegetation, forest and wildlife. • Has a number of reserved forests. Kaziranga, is the home of the rare Indian Rhinoceros. • Assam’s biggest export is tea. Assam produces some of the most expensive teas in the world. • Assam is the only region in the world that has its own variety of tea, called Camellia assamica. • Assam also Produces Crude oil and natural gas.

7. Bihar • Bihar is situated in the eastern part of India. • Capital is Patna, also largest • Population 82,878,796 (2001) third largest. • Official languages Hindi, Angika, Bhojpuri, Magahi, Maithili. • Birthplace of many religions, including Buddhism and Jainism. • Bihar is divided into nine-divisions and thirty-seven districts. • Bihar has three airports. It well-connected by railway lines. • Bihar has twelve universities recognized by the state. • Three engineering colleges. • Five Medical Colleges. • Four Management Institutes. • It also has a International Yoga Institutes, A Institute of Silk Technology.

8. Chhattisgarh • Chhattisgarh is in central India. • Raipur its capital. Also the largest. • Population is 20,795,956. • Official languages is Hindi, Chhattisgarhi. • The states economy is fueled by Bhilai Steel Plant, Bilaspur Railway Yard, BALCO Aluminum Plant (Korba), and NTPC Kobra (National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd ).Also its extensive rice cultivation. Forest cover roughly forty-four percent of the state.

9. Goa • Goa is located west coast of India. • Goa is India’s smallest state. • Its capital is Panaji. • Population is 1.4 million (2001) • The state is divided into two districts. • Goa’s economy production includes cashews, mangos, coconuts, fish, crabs, shrimps, oysters. • Shipping is one of Goa’s main Industries. • Also rubber production. • Mining forms the second largest industry. • Rice is the main agricultural crop. • Goa’s main form of public transport largely consists of privately operated buses. • The Mormugao harbour on the mouth of the river Zuari is one of the best natural harbours in South Asia

10. Gujarat • Gujaratis is the second-most industrialized state in India. Situated on the western coast. • The capital is Gandhiagar. • Largest city is Ahmedabad. • Population is 50,596,992. • Official language is Gujarati. • Gujarat is home to four National Parks. • It has 10 universities and four agricultural universities. • Gujarat also hosts some of the premier research organizations of India. • Gujarat is one of the most prosperous states of the country. • Major Agricultural products include cotton, peanuts, dates, sugarcane, milk & milk products. • Industrial products include cement, and petrol.

11. Haryana • Haryana is a state in north India. • The capital is Chandigarh. • Population is 21,082,989 (2001). • Official language is Hindi. • It is divided into twenty districts, eighty-one cities and towns. • Hindus are about eighty percent of the population, Sikhs sixteen percent, Muslims four percent and Christians 0.10 percent. • Haryana’s gross state domestic product for 2004 is estimated at $25 billion in current prices.

12. Himachal Pradesh • Himachal Pradesh is a mostly mountainous stat in northwest India. • The capital is Shimla. Also the largest. • Population is 6,077,248 • Official language Hindi and Pahari. • The main religions are Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism. • Himachal Pradesh’s gross state domestic product for 2004 is estimated at $7 billion in current prices.

13. Jammu and Kashmir • Jammu and Kashmir is in the northern-most part of India. • Capital is Srinagar. Also the largest state. • Population is 10,069,917. • Official languages is Kashmiri, Urdu. • One of the disputed states with China. • Jammu and Kashmir’s economy is mostly dependent on farming and animal husbandry. • Religious groups in Kashmir Valley are Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhish.

14. Jharkhand • Jharkhand is a state in the eastern part of India. • The capital is Ranchi. Also the largest state. • Population is 26,909,428 (2001). • Official language is Hindi. • Jharkhand is known as a rich state of talented people. • Jharkhand is a land of firsts for India. • First Iron & steel factory at Jamshedpur. • Largest fertilizer factory of its time in India at Sin • Biggest explosives factory at Gomia. • First methane gas well.

15. Karnataka • Karnataka is one of the four southern states of India. • The capital is Bangalore, it is also the largest. • Population is 55,868,200 (2001). • Official language is Kannada. • Karnataka state is comprised of twenty-seven districts, grouped into four divisions. • Most of Karnataka’s economy is the production of gold. It is also the largest producer of coffee, raw silk and sandalwood based products like perfumes and seventy-five percent of Indian floriculture industry is located in Karnataka. • Karnataka boasts of the highest elephant and Gaur bison population in India.

16. Kerala • Kerala is a state in the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. • The capital is Thiruvananthapuram, also the largest state. • Population is 31,838,619 (2001). • Official language is Malayalam. • Kerala is divided into fourteen districts. • Most of Kerala’s people depend on agriculture along for a income. • Kerala produces 600 different varieties of rice, its most important staple. • Other key crops include coconut, cashews and spices.

17. Madhya Pradesh • Madhya Pradesh is a state central India. • The capital is Bhopal. • The largest city is Indore. • Population is 60,385,118. (2001). • Official language is Hindi. • Madhya Pradesh state is made up of forty-eight districts, which are grouped into eight divisions. • Madhya is home to several National Parks and nature preserves.

18. Maharashtra • Maharashtra is a state in the southeastern part of India. • India’s third largest state in size and second largest in population. • Maharashtra capital is Mumbai; which also is its largest. • Population is 96,752,247 (2001) • Maharashtra’s is India’s leading industrial state • Major industries are chemical and allied products, electrical and non electrical machinery, textiles, petroleum and allied products. • Other products are metal products, wine, jewelers, pharmaceuticals, engineering goods, machine tools, steel and iron castings and plastic wares. • Food crops like mangoes, grapes, bananas, oranges, wheat, rice, jowar, bajra. • Cash crops like groundnut cotton, sugarcane, turmeric, and tobacco. • Modes of public transportation is railroad, has a large airports, ferry services and three major ports.

19. Manipur • Manipur is a state in the northeastern part of India. • Its capital is Imphal; which is also its largest city. • Population is 2,388,634 (2001) • Official language is Manipuri • One of their biggest problems facing Manipuri society today is drug addiction.

20. Meghalaya • Meghalaya is a small state in northeastern part or India. • Shillong is its capital and its largest city. • Population is 2,306,069 (2001). • Official languages is Garo, Khasi, English. • The climate is moderate but humid.

21. Mizoram • Mizoram is a state in the northeastern India. • Aizawl Is its capital but also its largest city. • Population is 888,573 (2001). • Official languages is Mizo, English. • The majority of Mizoram’s ethnic groups are Mizos that include the Ralte, the Hmar, the Paihte, the Mara, and the Pawi. • The religions of Mizoram is mostly Presbyterian and Baptist.

22. Nagaland • Nagaland is the farthest-lying state in northeast India. • Kohima is the capital of Nagaland. • Dimapur is the largest city in the state. • Population is 1,988,636 (2001) • Official language is English. • Agriculture is the most important economic activity in Nagaland. • Principal crops include rice, corn, millets, pulses, tobacco, oilseed, sugarcane, potatoes and fibers. • Forestry is also an important source of income.

23. Orissa • Orissa is a state situated in the east coast of India. • Bhubaneswar is the capital. It is also the largest city. • Population is 36,706,920 (2001). • Official language is Oriya. • Orissa has abundant natural resources and a large coastline. • Orissa is projected to become one of the industrial powerhouses of India. • The state also has huge tourism potential. • It is blessed with beautiful beaches and pristine forests containing exotic wildlife. • The landscape is dotted with temples and ancient monuments.

24. Punjab • Punjab is a state in northwest India. • Chandigarh is Punjab capital. • Ludhiana is its largest city. • Population is 24,289,296 (2001). • Official language is Punjabi. • Agriculture is very important to Punjab. • Main crops are wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, millet, maize, barley and fruit. • Textiles and flour milling are the major industries. • Punjab is one of the five states in India that does not have a Hindu Majority.

25. Rajasthan • Rajasthan is the largest state of India in terms of area. • The state capital is Jaipur. It is also the largest city of Rajasthan. • Population is 56,473,122 (2001). • Official languages is Hindi, Rajasthani. • Rajasthan’ economy is primarily agricultural and pastoral. • Main crops are wheat, barley, pulses, sugarcane, and oilseeds. • Cotton and tobacco are cash crops. • Rajasthan is the largest producer of textiles in India.

26. Sikkim • Sikkim is a landlocked state in the Himalayas. • Second smallest state. • The capital is Gangtok; which is also the largest city in the state. • Population is 540,493 (2001). • Official language is Nepali. • Sikkim’s economy is mostly tourism. • Sikkim does not have any railroads or airports because of its rough terrain.

27. Tamil Nadu • Tamil Nadu is a state at the southern tip of India. • Tamil Nadu is the most urbanized state and the most industrialized state in India. • The capital is Chennai; which is also the largest. • Chennai is home to Madras, the largest beach in the world. • Population is 62,110,839 (2001). • Official language is Tamil. • Tamil Nadu has the fifth largest economy in India. Also the second most industrialized. • Many heavy engineering and manufacturing-based companies are based in or around Chennai. • Like Ford, Caterpillar, Hyundai, BMW and Mitsubishi. • Chennai is the second leading Software exporter in India. • Tamil Nadu is a leading producer of agricultural products in India.

28. Tripura • Tripura is a state in north-east India. • The capital is Agartala. It is also the largest city of the state. • Population is 3,191,168 (2001). • Official language is Bengali, Kokborok. • Geographically the smallest state. • Tripura is mainly a hilly territory with altitudes varying from 50 to 3080 feet above sea level. • Agriculture is the mainstay of Tripura’s economy.

29. Uttaranchal • Uttaranchal is a region of outstanding beauty. • Most of the northern parts of the state are part of Greater Himalaya ranges. • The capital is Dehradum; which is also the largest city of the state. • Population is 8,479.562 (2001). • Offical language is Hindi, Garhwali, Kumaoni. • The tourism industry is a major contributor to the economy. • The Corbett National Park, Tiger Reserve, the hill-stations of Nainital and Bhimtal, and Mussoorie, Almora and Ranikhet being among the most frequented destinations in India.

30. Uttar Pradesh • Uttar Pradesh covers a large part of the densely populated Gangetic plain. • Capital of Uttar Pradesh is Lucknow. • Kanpur is its largest city. • Population is 166,052,859 (2001). • Official languages is Hindi, Urdu. • It is one of the most economically and socially backward states in India. • Uttar Pradesh is sometimes credited as a mini-India in honor of its vast diversity. • It is home to 78% of national livestock population! The state produces: • 47%of national output of potato. • 45% of national output of Sugarcane. • 38% of national output of Wheat. • 34% of national output of groundnut. • 34% of national output of molasses. 30% of national output of sugar.

31. West Bengal • West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India. • The capital is Kolkata; which is also the largest city of West Bengal. • Population is *0,221,171 (2001). • Offical language is Bengali. • Agriculture is the chief occupation of the people of the state. • Rice is the principal food crop. • Maize, pulses, oil seeds, wheat, barley, potatoes, and vegetables being others. • Manufacturing industries like engineering products, electronics, electrical equipment, cables, steel, leather, textiles, jewelry, frigates, automobiles, railway coaches, wagons etc. also pay important role.