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The Evolution of TLS & SSL

The Evolution of TLS & SSL. Brian Sniffen. TLS Timeline. Akamai Security Research & Architecture. Crypto engineering expertise Technical backstop Product review Akamai Architecture Group seat Safety engineering Incident management. How much SSL?. Industry standard: 30% Akamai sees: 37%

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The Evolution of TLS & SSL

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  1. The Evolution of TLS & SSL • Brian Sniffen

  2. TLS Timeline

  3. Akamai Security Research & Architecture • Crypto engineering expertise • Technical backstop • Product review • Akamai Architecture Group seat • Safety engineering • Incident management

  4. How much SSL? • Industry standard: 30% • Akamai sees: 37% • 50% by 2016?

  5. How much traffic is SSL? 36-38% 32–36%

  6. 35–37% 24–26% Bad App

  7. 85–90% 80-85% WinXP EOL

  8. TLS 1.3 Big Site Operators speed 1-RTT setup 0-RTT resume Crypto Warriors forward secrecy encrypt handshake non-NIST ciphers Pragmatists remove CBC remove RC4 remove compression fewer HTTP integrations Adoption goal: Everyone runs this by 2017

  9. TLS 1.3 Speed Features

  10. TLS 1.3 Speed Features

  11. TLS 1.3 Pragmatic features • Q: “What would happen if we remove everything we know is bad?” • A: Simpler code runs blazingly fast • A: Fewer protocol bugs • A: New protocol bugs

  12. TLS 1.3 Crypto War features • RSA Key Exchange is out • Custom DHE groups are out • DSA with random nonces may be out • Extensions are encrypted • DJB ciphers are in

  13. TLS Private Innovations: A history • Delegated “Keyless” SSL • National cipher suites (Camellia, SEED, etc.) • SPDY / HTTP 2 requires TLS • TLS False Start • Eternal Chrome sessions • Post-CA trust models

  14. Implementation bugs • Gotofail • Heartbleed • NSS Signature Verification • Any device running year-old TLS software is insecure.

  15. Let’s see the future: Optimistic • We all have TLS 1.3 in 2015 • New devices, fast-cycle browsers have TLS 1.3 in 2015 • Possible to operate an e-commerce site on TLS 1.3-only in 2015 • Plausible to drop TLS 1.2 in 2018

  16. Let’s see the future: Grim • Crash off of TLS 1.2 in 2016 • No crypto software older than six months is trustworthy • Typical leaf cert lifespan < 3 months

  17. Wild Guesses about Akamai SSL Support • New features: • 2014: SCSV • 2015: SNI, TLS 1.3, PFS, OCSP Stapling, SHA-2, Certificate Transparency • 2016: post-DSA EC (Ed25519?) • Walking the plank: • 3DES, RC4, SSL3, SSL2

  18. Advice • Pin an Edge-Origin Cert (or run your own CA) • Test clients with EC-DHE now • Turn on TLS 1.2 • Turn off SSL 3 (and check that SSL 2 is off!) • Don’t hard-code client-Edge elements

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