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Aztec Civilizations

CRCT Coach Pages 87-90. Aztec Civilizations. Georgia Performance Standards. SS6H1: The student will describe the impact of European contact on Latin America. The Aztec Empire. Who were the Aztec?.

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Aztec Civilizations

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  1. CRCT Coach Pages 87-90 Aztec Civilizations

  2. Georgia Performance Standards • SS6H1: The student will describe the impact of European contact on Latin America.

  3. The Aztec Empire

  4. Who were the Aztec? • The Aztec civilization was the most powerful in central and south Mexico at the time of European exploration. • The Aztec controlled the area around their capital city of Tenochtitlan, now Mexico City.

  5. Their borders stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to the pacific Ocean. They controlled lands as far south as present-day Guatemala. The Aztec Location

  6. Aztec Civilization • They had a complex and rich society. • They had a mathematical system to keep up with their empire. • They had a calendar system to organize their empire. • They had a farming system that was very efficient.

  7. They had amazing artwork and architecture They constructed a beautiful city capital on islands in a large lake. Tenochtitlan! A pyramid temple was at the center of this great city. Aztec Culture

  8. Aztec Culture • An important part of the culture of the Aztec was the sacrifice of animals and humans. • People who were conquered by the Aztec were required to pay large taxes. • They also had to provide people to offer as sacrifices to the Aztec gods.

  9. End of the Aztec Civilization • Ended in 1521 • It was conquered by the Spanish. • The Spanish destroyed much of the Aztec building and artwork. • Tenochtitlan was destroyed and Mexico City was built in its place.

  10. A modern version of the Aztec language, Nahuatl, is spoken by thousands of people in Mexico. Aztec Language

  11. 206. What was the capital of the Aztec empire? • A. Mexico City • B. Montezuma • C. Nahuatl • D. Tenochtitlan

  12. 207. What was the language of the Aztec? • A. Mexican • B. Montezuma • C. Nahuatl • D. Spanish

  13. 208. Which items show the Aztec had advanced knowledge? • A. farms, calendars, taxes • B. calendars, taxes, human sacrifices • C. irrigation systems, calendars, mathematics • D. animal sacrifices. Mathematics, irrigation systems.

  14. 209. What did the Spanish do to the Aztec art and architecture after they conquered the Aztec? • A. destroyed it. • B. preserved it. • C. adapted it for their own use. • D. shipped it back to Spain to sell.

  15. Aztec Videos • What the Ancients did for us. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vupvaPiitrE • The Aztec: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tP2HHYQjN7E • Cortez:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8niQ1ZAbwU • Montezuma II: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TiRAF7jt3Nw • Tenochtitlan: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nS6MpVbB_g 5 mins

  16. He was a Spanish conquistador (conqueror). He is famous for conquering the Aztec Empire in Mexico in 1519-1521. Hernan Cortes

  17. Cortes in Cuba • When Cortes was 19, he sailed to the New World. • After Cuba was conquered, Cortes was made mayor of one of the towns. • He learned how colonies were run. • He had contact with many explorers.

  18. Cortes 1518 • Cortes was told to take a group of ships to Mexico. • He was ordered to conquer the powerful Aztec. • He took with him eleven ships, five hundred soldiers, and 100 sailors.

  19. Montezuma II and Cortes • Montezuma II believed Cortes to be a God welcomed him into the city. • Cortes captured Montezuma and then was able to become ruler of the lands of central Mexico.

  20. Problems for Cortes and for the Aztec • When Cortes was away, conflict broke out between Cortés's men and the Aztec. Battles had been fought and the Aztec wanted to win back Tenochtitlan. In 1521, Cortes lead a military victory over the Aztec.

  21. After their victory, the Spanish send more troops and settlers to Mexico. The buildings of the Aztec were destroyed and in its place they built Mexico City. The Spanish stayed in Mexico for the next three hundred years. Spain conquers the Aztec Empire

  22. 210. Cortes is most famous for which deed? • A. conquering the Aztec empire • B. becoming mayor of a Cuban town • C. starting construction of Mexico City • D. becoming friends with native people

  23. 211. What did Montezuma do to Cortes and his men as they approached Tenochtitlan? • A. welcome them • B. kill them all • C. captured them for human sacrifice • D. took the Spanish troops as hostages

  24. 212. Which was a result of the defeat of the Aztecs? • A. Mexico City was burned • B. Tenochtitlan was destroyed • C. Aztec artwork was collected • D. The Spanish left Mexico and did not return

  25. 213. What did Cortes do to Montezuma after the two met? • A. killed him • B. took him hostage • C. invited him to visit Cuba • D. offered a sacrifice to the Aztec gods

  26. 214. About how long did the Spanish rule in Mexico after Cortes conquered the Aztec? • A. 3 years • B. 30 years • C. 3 months • D. 300 years

  27. 215. Who was the ruler of the Aztec when Cortes arrived in Mexico? • A. Atahualpa • B. Cortes • C. Montezuma • D. Pizarro

  28. 216. What did Montezuma give Cortes when they met? • A. gifts of gold • B. a human sacrifice • C. a pyramid in Tenochtitlan • D. an area of land to rule in the south

  29. 217. What had Montezuma done before the arrival of Cortes that made him a great leader in the eyes of his people? • A. started irrigation for farms • B. expanded the territory of the Aztec • C. built new pyramids in Tenochtitlan • D. offered sacrifices to the Aztec gods

  30. 218. What did Montezuma get from people he conquered? • A. gifts to give to the Spanish • B. Taxes and irrigation for farms • C. taxes and humans for sacrifice • D. gold for the temples of the Aztec gods

  31. The Inca • The Inca lived along the western coast of South America. Their land stretched over 2,000 miles from present-day Colombia south to Chile. • Their empire was centered around their capital in Cusco, Peru. • They also controlled lands in present-day Argentina, Bolivia, and Ecuador.

  32. Cusco, Peru

  33. Inca Achievements • The Inca were known for their • beautiful gold, silver, and bronze pieces • Skillfully made textiles • Network of roads • Terraces built on mountainsides improved farming 5. Mathematical system and accounting

  34. Empire of the Inca • Historians believe that the Inca began in the early 1400s. • The Spanish settlers wiped out much of the Inca culture and ruled for nearly three hundred years. • However, there is still evidence of Inca.

  35. The Language of the Inca • Quechua, is still spoken.

  36. Terraces for Farming

  37. 219. About how far was it from the northern tip to the southern tip of the Inca Empire? • A. 500 miles • B. 1,400 miles • C. 1,532 miles • D. 2,000 miles

  38. 220. What evidence is there today of the Inca Empire in Peru? • A. The Quechua language is still spoken. • B. There are still rooms of gold and silver. • C. There is an Inca empire in charge of Peru. • D. The Inca system of accounting and mathematics is still used.

  39. 221. Where was the capital of the Inca Empire? • A. Bolivia • B. Cajamarca • C. Cusco • D. Machu Picchu

  40. 222. Which modern country includes land that was part of the Inca Empire? • A. Brazil • B. Panama • C. Peru • D. Venezuela

  41. 223. Which was the northernmost city of the Inca Empire? • A. Cajamarca • B. Cusco • C. Machu Picchu • D. Quito

  42. 224. Which question can be answered using the map • Look at the map on page 91 • A. Which ocean bordered the Inca Empire? • B. Who was the ruler of the Inca Empire in 1530? • C. Which native tribes lived near the Inca Empire? • D. What languages were spoken in the Inca Empire?

  43. Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador. He was famous for conquering the Inca Empire in south America between 1531-1533 Atahualpa was the last ruler of the Inca Empire. Francisco Pizarro and Atahualpa

  44. Francisco Pizarro • In 1523, he led a voyage to explore the west coast of South America, south of Panama. • He heard of a rich country to the south. • He learned that these people were the Inca and that they lived in the area of what is now Peru. • Francisco went back to Spain to get permission to invade and conquer the Inca.

  45. The king of Spain gave Pizarro permission to take the Inca land and claim it for Spain. The king made Pizarro a viceroy (governor) over the lands that stretched six hundred miles south from Panama. Pizarro

  46. Atahualpa was the son of the Inca emperor Huayna Capac. After his death, Atahualpa fought against his brother for control of the empire. Atahualpa won and became Sapa Inca. Atahualpa

  47. Sapa Inca was thought to be a living descendant of the sun god. Sapa Inca

  48. So the story goes ---- • Pizarro learned the location of Atahualpa. • In November 1532, a meeting was arranged between the two men at Cajamarca. • There was a small group of Spanish men hiding in buildings around the town. • Atahualpa arrived with thousands of men. • Atahualpa walked into a trap. The Spanish began shooting their cannons and guns.

  49. The story continues---- • Pizarro captured Atahualpa and demanded a ransom. • The Inca brought 24 tons of gold and silver in exchanged from for the life of Atahualpa. The gold and silver was melted down and sent to Spain. • Atahualpa was not released but executed on August 29, 1533, by Pizarro and his men.

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