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Presentation of the region and of its youth issues in rural/peri urbans areas

1st of March 2011. Nord - Pas-de-Calais. Presentation of the region and of its youth issues in rural/peri urbans areas. Localisation. The northern part of France, composed of 2 departments Surface : 12 414 Km2 , ie 2,35% of Metropolitan France’s surface. A strategic place in Europe

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Presentation of the region and of its youth issues in rural/peri urbans areas

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  1. 1st of March 2011 Nord - Pas-de-Calais Presentation of the region and of its youth issues in rural/peri urbans areas

  2. Localisation • The northern part of France, composed of 2 departments • Surface: 12 414 Km2, ie 2,35% of Metropolitan France’s surface. • A strategic place in Europe • 140 km of seafront (The Channel and the North Sea) with 2 big harbours: Calais (~ 40 million of goods in transit each year, 4th french commercial harbour) and Dunkerque (1 st french harbour for ores, coal, copper and fruits transit; ~45 million goods in transit each year) • 350 km of common border with Belgium • Easy and quick access to United Kingdom (Calais – Kent = 35 km); Belgium (Lille-Brussels = 100 Km); Netherlands (Lille-Amsterdam = 280 Km); Germany (Lille-Aachen = 250 Km; Lille –Düsseldorf = 300 Km) Country’s scale Region’s scale Department’s scale

  3. Geography • A relatively plane area suitable for agriculture • Forest: 22 000 ha (1,7% of total area) • An oceanic climate (~800 mm precipations/year), linked with the relief • Population: 4 M inhabitants (7% of french population)=> 326 inhabitants/Km2 • 36,5% of the population is under 25 years old (french average: 32,4%) • Migration of population to poles of attraction: mainly cities, leading to a growth of peri urban areas. 76% of the population lives in cities. • 11 agglomerations of more than 50 000 inhabitants Relief in Nord-Pas-de-Calais Localisation of forests Source INSEE, 2008 datas Age pyramid in Nord-Pas-de-Calais (2011)

  4. 1713: Utrecht treaty => Nord-Pas-de-Calais becomes French. XVIIIe: the area becomes a coalfield and develop its metalworking industry. Lille becomes the largest ceramics factory in Europe. XIXe: the expansion of textile, coalfield, metallurgy, steel industry and industrial chemistry keeps on. Social differences increase. Early XXe: the area peaks, 1/3 of the national production: 2,7 M tons of coal)=> benefit to agriculture and transports World War I: the area is devastated (Front of the war). Belgium and Polish migrants come to rebuilt and to work in the mines 1929: Economic Crisis, thousands of people leave the aera World War II: German annexation in 1940 and becomes an industrial pole for the german arms industry After War: rehabilitation of mines (German and Italian workers) but food restrictions => extrem poverty and strikes hardly repressed 1950-1980: Restructuration of coal and steel industries. 1952: coal and steel european pact. Competition with oil and natural gaz. 1960: General strike of miners and migration of north Africain workers 1973: Oil and economic crisis => coal and steel industry collapse => loss of hundreds of thousands jobs. 1990: Last extraction of coal in the area A little bit of History

  5. Nowadays • Industry: 87% of electricity comes from nuclear energy. Windmills start showing up. Pole of aluminium in Dunkerque. +++ transport; boom agribusiness (sugar and bewering industry) • Agriculture: 70% of total surface (wheat and barley, sugar beet, potatoes, chicory, hop, chicken, milk, beef). • Services: flourishing sector, mainly transport and distribution. • GDP = 97 billion € => 4,8% of France’s GDP (Source: INSEE 2010)

  6. Place of youth in Nord-Pas-de-Calais Ratio of under 25 in total population Employment pools Nord-Pas-de-Calais => 160 000 students, 6 universities, 18 ingenieer schools, 1 PHD european center welcoming 3 000 PHD students, 4 000 researchers (Health, Hightech, Sustainable Development, Textile, Sociology in rural areas). Ratio of 18-29 yeared-old without degree/diploma

  7. Youth and job market • 12.9% unemployement in the area (9.3% in Metropolitan France) • 20% of youth under 25 years old unemployement (8.4% in Metropolitan France). ¼ of unemployed are under 25 years old. • Youth usually get short term job contracts or temporary work.

  8. Actions for youth in Nord-Pas-de-Calais: knowledge for thoughts… • Region encourages apprenticeship and partnerships between schools and compagnies (financial assistance to apprentices, to employers of apprentices and to trainning centers). • Pact for the futur and youth employment : « 50 000 jobs for youth in the 3 following years in Nord-Pas-de-Calais» • Help to get the driving licence • Settlement of 15 Human Ressources platforms in the area (meeting with youth, test of abilities, workshops about job research, application writting etc…) • Setting up of forums and exhibitions about summer jobs, first jobs for youth and graduate students, and trainnings (twice a year). • In Cambrésis: a quizz has been launched since january 2011 targeting all the youth (between 15 and 25 years old) of the area to know about their expectations, their worries, their doubts etc… on the theme of youth’s place in rural areas. Results will show up in June 2011. • LEADER and Cooperation projects about youth in rural areas: LAG Lys-Romane, LAG Cambrésis => open minds, encourage mobility of youth, develop european citizenship and regional identity…

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