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Classification of farrow-to-finish swine herds regarding to their PRRS status. A study in Greece.

Classification of farrow-to-finish swine herds regarding to their PRRS status. A study in Greece. S . K . Kritas, G. Filioussis, K. Papageorgiou. Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,

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Classification of farrow-to-finish swine herds regarding to their PRRS status. A study in Greece.

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  1. Classification of farrow-to-finish swine herds regarding to their PRRS status. A study in Greece. S.K. Kritas, G. Filioussis, K. Papageorgiou Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece EuroPRRS.net COST FA902 Thessaloniki, Greece. Aug 23-25, 2012

  2. EuroPRRS.net COST FA902 Thessaloniki, Greece. Aug 23-25, 2012 Introduction • PRRS is the most important and costly infectious disease of pig industry worldwide nowadays.

  3. Cause: Arterivirus(F:Arteriviridae, O: Nidovirales -RNA) • There are 2 major antigenically distinct genotypes. Only 66% homology • European type (type Ι or EU-type, Lelystad virus) • North American type (type IΙ, NA-type) • Strains of each genotype show antigenic differentiation at a lower level. • Within both genotypesStrains with different virulenceEfficacy problems with vaccinations

  4. What was the appearance of PRRS in Greece? • Reproductive disorders (early farrowings, returns to estrus, abortions, births of stillborn/ mummies/ weak piglets • Increased pre- and postweaning mortality • Increased incidence of respiratory infections (primary or secondary) • Fatteners delay to reach slaughter weight • Economic impact of PRRSV has not been estimated, but this is very high

  5. What policy applies for PRRS identification? • No compulsory national policy for examining the herds e.g. only farmers who wish to examine their herd send few samples to laboratories. • This presentation is aiming to record and characterize the PRRS status in farms throughout the majority of Greek territory • ELISA developed by T. Stadejek and PCR as described in the COST workshops

  6. Materials and Methods

  7. Bulgaria FYROM 70/2 126/9 Fig 1. Number of farms / Pig density (pigs/km2) 18/6 Albania Turkey 14/1 192/13 114/20 62/8 140/22 81/6 61/8 Greece

  8. Bulgaria FYROM Fig 1. Pig density (Blinking☺ > 20 pigs/ km2) Albania Turkey PRRS first diagnosed in Greece in 1993 (mainly importing breeders at that time) Greece

  9. Bulgaria FYROM Fig 1. Number of farms sampled (✩= 1 farm sampled) Albania Turkey Greece

  10. Bulgaria FYROM Fig 1. Number of farms sampled (✩= 1 farm sampled) Albania Turkey Greece

  11. Bulgaria FYROM Fig 1. Number of farms sampled (✩= 1 farm sampled) Albania Turkey Greece

  12. Classification of farrow-to-finish swine herds based on their PRRS status (Holtkamp DJ, et al 2011) Derald J. Holtkamp, DVM, MS; Dale D. Polson, DVM, PhD; Montserrat Torremorell, DVM, PhD; and committee membersBob Morrison, DVM, PhD, MBA (chair); Dyneah M. Classen, DVM; Lisa Becton, DVM; Steve Henry, DVM; Max T. Rodibaugh, DVM; Raymond R. Rowland, PhD; Harry Snelson, DVM; Barb Straw, DVM, PhD; Paul Yeske, DVM, MS; Jeff Zimmerman, DVM, PhD

  13. Parameters recorded • Herd size, e.g. the number of sows. • Pig herd density in the municipality (herds per 1,000 sq km),  • The direct (straight) distance from the closest pig farm (km) as checked in google maps, • the purchase of breeding animals from sources outside the farm. Gilts self produced (0), or purchased from other herds (1). • Non practicing (0) or practicing (1) of at least one month quarantine in distant building for the newly purchased breeding animals. • Non practicing (0) or practicing (1) of hygienic/ biosecurity measures within the farm. • Non practicing (0) or practicing (1) of all-in, all-out (AIAO) flow in all production stages..  • Non practicing (0) or practicing of vaccination of sows for PRRS. • Absence (0) or presence (1) of other health problems in the farm.

  14. Serological and PCR testing 8 blood samples from 22-week old pigs were collected. These samples were tested by: ELISA for the presence of antibodies against PRRS virus PCR for the presence of the PRRS virus in pools of 4 samples. Since maternal antibodies for PRRS virus rarely remain after 4-6 weeks of age, antibodies detected at the end of the fattening period were considered to indicate the presence of an infection by a wild-type virus in the farm. The detection of virus by PCR during the end of the fattening period also was considered as indicative of recent infection in the farm.

  15. Results

  16. PRRS status x Farm size (not significant) PRRS status x Farm distance (significant)

  17. PRRS status x Gilt purchase (Significant) PRRS status x Quarantine (NS)

  18. PRRS status x Farm Hygiene (Significant) PRRS status x AIAO (NS)

  19. PRRS status x PRRS sow vaccination (NS) PRRS status x Other health problems (Significant)

  20. In the PRRS positive farms, respiratory and reproductive problems were by far the most prominent (versus death, nervous and gastrointestinal problems) In the PRRS positive farms, growers and finishers were mostly affected (versus neonatal and nursery)

  21. Our team Petridou E1, Filioussis G1,2, Papageorgiou Κ 1,2, Burriel ΑR3, Christodoulopoulos G4, Stadejek T5, Morrison RB5

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