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Gestures, Communication and the Brain

Gestures, Communication and the Brain. New Perspectives in Neurolinguistic Research and Communication Studies Julia Elisa Melcher. The Discovery of the Mirror Neurons. University of Parma : Primate Research with macaque monkeys Vittorio Gallese Giacomo Rizzolatti Leonardo Fogassi.

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Gestures, Communication and the Brain

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  1. Gestures, Communication and the Brain New Perspectives in Neurolinguistic Research and Communication Studies Julia Elisa Melcher

  2. The Discovery of the Mirror Neurons • University of Parma: Primate Research with macaque monkeys • Vittorio Gallese • Giacomo Rizzolatti • Leonardo Fogassi

  3. The Discovery of the Mirror Neurons • Particular class of visuo-motor neurons • Performance of action (motor-neurons active in motor cortex – action-control) • Observation of same action performed by another ape (neurons discharging in same area) • Mirror neurons `mirror´ perceived actions • Mirror system can be trained! (plasticity of the brain)

  4. The Discovery of the Mirror Neurons • Mirror System in Humans: • Also Broca´s area involved – hand movements (gestures, non-verbal language) • Processing (observation) and imitation of gestures • „Activation of Broca´s during the observation of hand actions could be interpreted as reflecting verbal mediation.“ (Rizzolatti et al.) • Premotor cortex, insular cortex and somatosensory cortex – understanding of emotions, empathy

  5. The Discovery of the Mirror Neurons • Understanding of actions • Understanding of others´ emotions and intentions (body language, voice, facial expressions …) • Empathy • Imitation • Darwin: „The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals“ (1872) • Goal-related actions, learning social behavior, manipulation of others (cheating), fairness, mentalizing

  6. NLP – Neurolinguistic Programming • University of California, Santa Cruz • Richard Bandler (mathematician, psychologist) • John Grinder (linguist) • Noam Chomsky – transformational grammar • Albert Bandura - `social learning theory´, behaviorist • Gregory Bateson – cybernetic theory • Fritz Perls (Gestalt-therapy), Virginia Satir (Systemic Family Therapy), Milton Erickson (Hypnotherapy) • … • http://www.vimeo.com/3762135

  7. NLP – Neurolinguistic Programming * NLP in use (Media) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTIw7FEg85E * Conclusion: Broad field of linguistic study on human language & cognition and language & social behavior from various perspectives 

  8. Sources: NLP-psychotherapy, Coaching, Mediation http://www.nlpzentrum.at/ http://www.oedv-nlp.at/ • Rizzolatti, Fogassi, Gallese: Neuropsychological mechanisms underlying the understanding and imitation of actions • Blakemore, Winston, Frith: Social cognitive neuroscience: Where are we hading?

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