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CHEMICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES CAN EITHER BE EXOTHERMIC OR ENDOTHERMIC

CHEMICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES CAN EITHER BE EXOTHERMIC OR ENDOTHERMIC EXOTHERMIC: A CHEMICAL CHANGE THAT INVOLVES THE RELEASE OF HEAT. EX: BURNING A MATCH

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CHEMICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES CAN EITHER BE EXOTHERMIC OR ENDOTHERMIC

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  1. CHEMICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES CAN EITHER BE EXOTHERMIC OR ENDOTHERMIC EXOTHERMIC: A CHEMICAL CHANGE THAT INVOLVES THE RELEASE OF HEAT. EX: BURNING A MATCH ENDOTHERMIC: A CHEMICAL CHANGE THAT INVOLVES THE ABSORPTION OF HEAT. EX: COOKING (HEAT GOES FROM THE STOVE INTO THE COLD FOOD TO HEAT IT)

  2. RATE OF CHEMICAL CHANGES HOW FAST A CHEMICAL CHANGE HAPPENS DEPENDS ON: THE TEMPERATURE – THE HIGHER THE TEMPERATURE, THE FASTER THE REACTION 2. THE CONSENTRATION – THE HIGHER THE CONSENTRATION OF A CHEMICAL, THE FASTER THE REACTION 3. SURFACE AREA – MATERIAL THAT IS BROKEN INTO PIECES WILL REACT FASTER THAT MATERIAL THAT IS WHOLE

  3. CONSERVATION OF MASS ALL CHEMICAL REACTIONS HAVE 2 PARTS: REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS. EX: Na + Cl NaCl reactants products ALL CHEMICAL REACTIONS MUST BE BALANCED IN BOTH SUBSTANCE AND MASS. THIS MEANS THAT WHICHEVER CHEMICALS YOU START WITH YOU WILL END WITH, AND YOUR STARTING MASS AND ENDING MASS WILL BE THE SAME.

  4. BALANCING EQUATIONS ALL CHEMICAL EQUATIONS MUST BE BALANCED, WHICH MEANS THE NUMBER OF ATOMS OF AN ELEMENT MUST BE THE SAME IN BOTH THE REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS. WE BALANCE EQUATIONS BY ADDING COEFFICIENTS. EX: Fe + O2 Fe2O3 1 iron 2 oxygen 2 iron, 3 oxygen  UNBALANCED ADD COEFFICIENTS 4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3 4 iron 6oxygen 4 iron, 6 oxygen  BALANCED (3x2=6)

  5. TEST YOUR SKILLS Na + Cl2 NaCl 1 Sodium + 2 Chlorine  1 Sodium + 1 Chlorine UNBALANCED H2 + O2 H2O 2 Hydrogen + 2 Oxygen  2 Hydrogen + 1 Oxygen UNBALANCED N2 + 3H2 2NH3 2 Nitrogen + 6 Hydrogen  2 Nitrogen + 6 Hydrogen BALANCED

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