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SMART Space and airborne Mined Area Reduction Tools

SMART Space and airborne Mined Area Reduction Tools. Description of results. What is SMART?. Goal: provide help for area reduction How to use SMART: Perform flight and field missions to collect data and relevant information Load all data into SMART system

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SMART Space and airborne Mined Area Reduction Tools

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  1. SMARTSpace and airborne Mined Area Reduction Tools Description of results

  2. What is SMART? • Goal: provide help for area reduction • How to use SMART: • Perform flight and field missions to collect data and relevant information • Load all data into SMART system • Extract indicators from data by classification or detectors (SMART tools or COTS) • At all steps, check intermediary results and correct (add, remove, modify) • Merge all findings by data fusion module • Build danger maps (with confidence maps) • Use these maps to propose areas for reduction

  3. Sensor data • Daedalus • 11 channels from light blue to thermal infrared, 1-meter resolution • E-SAR • L-band: full polarimetric, dual-pass interferometric, 2-m resolution • P-band: full polarimetric, dual-pass interferometric, 4-m resolution • X-band: VV-polarization, 1.5-m resolution • C-band: VV-polarization, 1.5-m resolution • RMK • Colour infrared, 3-cm resolution • KVR • Panchromatic satellite images, 2-m resolution • From before the conflict (change detection)

  4. IMA and IMP • Indicators… • … of mine absence (IMA): • Mainly cultivated land • (more difficult to detect: asphalted roads, infrastructural objects in use) • … of mine presence (IMP): • From data: • agricultural areas no longer in use, edges of forest, river shores and banks, hilltops, etc. • From MAC database: • mine accidents and incidents, minefield records • From expert knowledge: • confrontation zones, etc. • There are far more IMP than IMA.

  5. Minefield record Power line Cleared area Agricultural areas not in use Cultivated fields Abandoned lands Point where a river can be crossed Confrontation line Trench Outside danger zones SMART continuous danger maps

  6. Evaluation by independent expert panel 1/2 • Composition of expert panel independent of SMART • Deputy Assistant for Operations Director of CROMAC • Head of regional office of CROMAC • Head of CROMAC GIS-MIS department • A CROMAC counsellor for survey • Director of CROMAC Centre for Testing, Development and Training (HCR Centre TDT) • Two representative of demining companies working in Croatia

  7. Evaluation by independent expert panel 2/2 • Conclusion of independent expert panel • Importance of contribution to area reduction recognised • SMART more useful for risk assessment • Continuous danger maps more useful than discrete danger maps • Confidence maps appreciated • Benefits brought by data fusion recognised • Interest to apply SMART by CROMAC and HCR Centre TDT

  8. Summary: evaluation on all three test sites Suspect Proposed for reduction • Area: 3.9 km2 • 26% (0.97 km2) of the mine-free area has been proposed for reduction • 0.1% (976 m2) of what has been proposed for reduction is actually mined No decision Red: minedGreen: mine-free

  9. Conclusions • A method to help area reduction has been proposed and tested. • The danger maps (and the confidence maps) can be used to PROPOSE areas for reduction (early stage of area reduction) • The method has been evaluated by experts and by trials. • The integration is not completed. • There are far fewer IMA than IMP, therefore: • Detecting safe area is more difficult than detecting risky areas • Reliability of detected safe area may be low • Although useful for area reduction, SMART may be more useful for risk assesment • No (or little) cost-benefit analysis done yet

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