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Hydrocarbon Derivatives

Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids. Hydrocarbon Derivatives. Amines. Contain N General Format: R  NH 2 NH 2 = amino group N has bonding capacity of 3 molecules contain H bonded to N = H bonding weaker than hydrogen bonding in alcohols and carboxylic acids Amines smell really, really bad.

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Hydrocarbon Derivatives

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  1. Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids Hydrocarbon Derivatives

  2. Amines • Contain N • General Format: RNH2 • NH2 = amino group • N has bonding capacity of 3 • molecules contain H bonded to N = H bonding • weaker than hydrogen bonding in alcohols and carboxylic acids • Amines smell really, really bad

  3. R’  H  H Table R • Shows format RNR” (this is a 3 amine) • 1 amines: RNH • 2 amines: RNR’ 

  4. Naming Amines • Find name of base hydrocarbon • Drop final -e & add -amine • Use # in front of name to give location of amino group

  5. H HH HCCNH H H  Ethanamine     H H HH HCCCNH H H H     1-propanamine   

  6. H H H NH HCCCH H H H <    2-propanamine    CH2CH2CH2 1,3-propanediamine   NH2 NH2

  7. NH2  NH2  CHCH2CH2CH 1,1,4,4-butanetetraamine  NH2  NH2

  8. Examples of amines • PABA • Caffeine • Novacain • B-vitamins • Preparation of dyes

  9. Amides • Contain: • carbonyl group (>C=O) & • amino group (NH2) • amino group bonded to C of carbonyl group • Links amino acids together

  10. O R’ O  = = Table R • General Format: RCNH2 or RCNH • carboxylic acid: RCOOH • replace the OH with NH2 • no # needed in name • Amide group is always at end of molecule

  11. Naming Amides • Find name of alkane with same # of C’s • drop the final -e & replace it with -amide

  12. H  O = HCCNH2 Ethanamide  H O = Propanamide CH3CH2CNH2

  13. Properties of Amides • strong hydrogen bonding - so high bp • Simple amides are solids at room temp • Smaller amides are very soluble in water

  14. Amino Acids • Only need to recognize them • Don’t need to know how to name them • Contain a carboxyl group (-COOH) • Contain an amine group (-NH2) • Amino group is on C next to carboxyl group

  15. NH2  AminoAcids alanine O = CH3CC  OH NH2  O glycine = CH2C  OH

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