1 / 34

Chapter 14: The Motions of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon

Chapter 14: The Motions of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon. Revolution  movement of a planet or other body around another body All planets revolve around the Sun Earth revolves around the Sun every 365 ¼ days or 1 year. 14-1: Motions of Earth.

okalani-brayden
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 14: The Motions of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 14: The Motions of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon

  2. Revolution movement of a planet or other body around another body • All planets revolve around the Sun • Earth revolves around the Sun every 365 ¼ days or 1 year 14-1: Motions of Earth

  3. Rotation spinning of a planet or other body on its axis • Earth rotates west to east • Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours or 1 day 14-1: Motions of Earth

  4. Axis imaginary line through the center of a planet or other body around which it spins • Earth is tilted 23 ½ ° on its axis 14-1: Motions of Earth

  5. Solar Noon time of day when the sun is highest in the sky • There are 24 times zones in the world • Each time zone is 15° wide 14-2 Time Zones

  6. U.S. has 8 time zones total • 4 for the continental U.S. • Pacific, Mountain, Central, & Eastern 14-2 Time Zones

  7. As you go west, you lose time • As you go east, you gain time • International Date Line boundary where each new day starts 14-2 Time Zones

  8. Seasons are caused by • Tilt of the Earth • Movement around the Sun • Angle which the Sun’s rays strike Earth’s surface 14-3 Seasons

  9. Summer = tilted towards Sun; more direct rays • Winter = tilted away from Sun; more indirect rays • Winter in N. Hemisphere = Summer in S. Hemisphere 14-3 Seasons

  10. Distance btw Earth & Sun change throughout the year Seasons do not depend on distance from Sun 14.4 Solstices & Equinoxes

  11. Perihelion closest point to Sun (happens in January) • Earth is 147 million km from Sun • aphelion farthest point to Sun (happens in July) • Earth is 152 million km from Sun 14.4 Solstices & Equinoxes

  12. Solsticethe beginning of summer and winter • 1 Pole has 24 hours of daylight, the other Pole has 24 hours of darkness • Summer Solstice is on or about June 21; N. Pole light, S. Pole dark • Winter Solstice is on or about December 21;N. Pole dark, S. Pole light 14.4 Solstices & Equinoxes

  13. Equinoxthe Sun is directly over the equator at solar noon; the beginning of spring & fall • 12 hrs. of light/12 hrs. of dark • Vernal (spring) equinox is around March 21 • Autumnal (fall) equinox is around September 21 14.4 Solstices & Equinoxes

  14. Moon revolves around Earth every 27 1/3 days • Moon revolves @ 3,500 km/hr • Moon rotates on its axis every 27 1/3 days 14-5 Motion of moon

  15. Apogee moon farthest from Earth Perigee moon closest to Earth 14-5 Motion of moon

  16. When Earth, Moon, Sun line up in their orbits & all 3 gravities are working together = really high tides and really low tides. This is a Spring Tide. • Happens twice a month 14-5 Motion of moon

  17. When Moon & Sun at right angles & gravities working against each other = no high or low tides. This is a Neap Tide. • Happens twice a month 14-5 Motion of moon

  18. Moon appears to rise in east and set in west Moon comes into view at moonrise 50 minutes later each day 14-5 Motion of moon

  19. Moon appears to change shape because of the way it reflects light from the Sun Phases depend on the position of the Sun, Moon, & Earth Moon takes 29 ½ days to go through all phases 14-6 Phases of the Moon

  20. Waxing increasing in light • New Moon no light • Waxing Crescent1/4 right side lit • 1st Quarter right 1/2 lit • Waxing Gibbous 3/4 right side lit 14-6 Phases of the Moon

  21. Waning decreasing in light • Full Moon all light • Waning Gibbous 3/4 left side lit • 3rd Quarter left 1/2 lit • Waning Crescent left 1/4 lit 14-6 Phases of the Moon

  22. Umbra center, dark part of a shadow Penumbra outside, lighter part of a shadow 14-7 Lunar eclipses

  23. Lunar Eclipse when the moon passes directly through Earth’s shadow • Can only occur during a full moon 14-7 Lunar eclipses

  24. Total Lunar Eclipse when the moon moves entirely into Earth’s umbra; all sunlight is blocked = moon entirely dark • Total lunar eclipse is rare & don’t happen regularly 14-7 Lunar eclipses

  25. Partial Lunar Eclipse only part of the moon moves into Earth’s umbra; some sunlight is blocked = part of moon dark 14-7 Lunar eclipses

  26. Solar Eclipse when the moon passes directly btw Earth & Sun Most of Sun’s surface is blacked out & we see the corona 14-8 Solar eclipses

  27. Total Solar Eclipse entire face of Sun blocked by moon • seen in small area of world • Partial Solar Eclipse only part of the face of the Sun is blocked • seen over a larger area 14-8 Solar eclipses

More Related