1 / 9

Chapter 35 section 2: The Challenge of Democracy in Africa

Chapter 35 section 2: The Challenge of Democracy in Africa. As the recent histories of Nigeria and South Africa show, ethnic and racial conflicts can hinder democracy Do Now: Read story and answer questions. Colonial Rule Limits Democracy. European Policies Cause Problems

olinda
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 35 section 2: The Challenge of Democracy in Africa

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 35 section 2:The Challenge of Democracy in Africa As the recent histories of Nigeria and South Africa show, ethnic and racial conflicts can hinder democracy Do Now: Read story and answer questions

  2. Colonial Rule Limits Democracy European Policies Cause Problems • Borders of colonies in Africa ignore ethnic and cultural divisions • As a result, national identity is slow to develop in Africa • Colonial rule produces economic problems • Colonial rule also disrupts family and community life • Post-independence governments fragile and vulnerable to military coups

  3. A Land of Many People Nigeria has people from three different ethnic groups- each with own state Country adopts a federal system- state and central government share power War with Biafra In 1960s, country torn by ethnic fighting Military imposes martial law- temporary military rule In 1967 eastern region leaves Nigeria, forms new country of Biafra War ends in 1970 with Biafra defeated and Nigeria reunited Nigeria

  4. Nigeria’s Nation Building • In 1970s and 1980s military tries to create stable federal system • General Sani Abacha overturns election results of 1993 and takes power • He punishes dissents- government opponents • In 1999, civilian government finally gains power

  5. Civilian Presidents in Nigeria • Obasanjo tries to build strong, unified Nigeria by ending corruption • Promotes idea of forgiveness of Nigeria’s debt to rebuild country • Umaru Yar’Adua elected president in 2007 • Militant group threatened Nigeria’s oil exports and economic growth • Yar’ Adua died in May 2010 due to illness and next election is early 2011 • Civil rights and other problems have gotten better since the Obansanjo controls the government

  6. South Africa Under Apartheid • South Africa gains independence in 1931; white minority rules • In 1948, National Party enacts apartheid- separation of races • Government sets up reserves, called homelands, for blacks in 1959

  7. Blacks Protest • In 1912, blacks form African National Congress (ANC) to protest • Nelson Mandela- ANC leader imprisoned for 27 years • Protests rise in 1970s and 1980s, sometimes resulting in violence

  8. Struggle for Democracy • Religious leader Desmond Tutu urges economic pressure on government • He asks other countries not to trade with South Africa • In 1990, FW de Klerk legalizes ANC and frees Nelson Mandela from prison • Parliament repeals apartheid laws and grants rights to black • De Klerk agrees to elections open to all races to be held in 1994

  9. South Africa 1990s- present • In 1994, ANC wins majority of Parliament and Mandela is elected President • In 1996, new constitution is adopted giving equal rights to all • In 1999, Thabo Mbeki elected President • Faces challenges: high crime, unemployment and rampant poverty • Hopes to increase trade with other countries • Major problem: high number of people with AIDS • elected Jacob Zuma president in 2009

More Related