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N etworking media

N etworking media. Common network cables. The connection between the source and destination may either be direct or indirect, and may span multiple media types . Copper Media Optical Media Wireless Media. 1. Copper media. Twisted Pair

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N etworking media

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  1. Networking media

  2. Common network cables • The connection between the source and destination may either be direct or indirect, and may span multiple media types. • Copper Media • Optical Media • Wireless Media

  3. 1. Copper media • Twisted Pair • Twisted pair(TP) cable is one of the most commonly used cable types in networking. • Wires are grouped in pairs and twisted together to reduce interference. • Coaxial Cable • Coaxial cable is usually constructed of either copper or aluminum, and is used by cable television companies to provide service. • It is also used for connecting the various components which make up satellite communication systems.

  4. 1.1 Twisted Pair • There are three types of twisted pair cable: • Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)is the most commonly encountered type of network cable in North America and many other areas. • Shielded twisted-pair (STP) • Screened twisted-pair (ScTP) • Unfortunately both STP and ScTP are very expensive, not as flexible, and have additional requirements due to the shielding that make them difficult to work with.

  5. 1.1 Twisted Pair • Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) • is inexpensive, • offers a high bandwidth, • is easy to install. • This type of cable is used to connect workstations, hosts and network devices. • All Categories of data grade UTP cable are traditionally terminated into an RJ-45connector.

  6. 1.1 Twisted Pair • Used for Voice communication • Most often used for phone lines • Used for Data transmission • Individual pairs are wrapped in a shield • Supports 1000 Mbps - 10 Gbps • Used for Data transmission • An added separator is between each pair of wires allowing it to function at higher speeds • Supports 1000 Mbps - 10 Gbps • Used for Data transmission • Cat 5 supports 100 Mbps and can support 1000 Mbps

  7. UTP • Twisted pair cable is most commonly used in network installations. The TIA/EIA organization defines two different patterns, or wiring scheme, called T568A and T568B.

  8. UTP: Straight-through Cables • A Straight-through cable is the most common cable type. It maps a wire to the same pins on both ends of the cable. • Switch port to router port • Hub port to PC

  9. UTP: Crossover Cable • A crossover cable uses both wiring schemes. T568A on one end of the cable and T568B on the other end of the same cable. • Switch port to switch port • Switch port to hub port • Hub port to hub port • Router port to router port • PC to router port • PC to PC

  10. 1.2 Coaxial Cable • provides improved shielding compared to UTP, so has a lower signal-to-noise ratio and can therefore carry more data. • often used to connect a TV set to the signal source, be it a cable TV outlet, satellite TV, or conventional antenna. • used at NOCs to connect to the cable modem termination system (CMTS) and to connect to some high-speed interfaces. harder to install and is more expensive.

  11. 1.2 Coaxial Cable Braided Copper Shielding Outer Jacket Copper Conductor Plastic Insulation

  12. 2. Optical media • Fiber optic cables • are made of glass or plastic. • have a very high bandwidth, which enables them to carry very large amounts of data. • is used in backbone networks, large enterprise environments and large data centers. • is also used extensively by telephone companies.

  13. Fiber optic cables • Core - is the light transmission element at the center of the optical fiber • Cladding - Light rays traveling through the fiber core reflect off this core-to-cladding interface as they move through the fiber by total internal reflection • Buffer - helps shield the core and cladding from damage • Strength Material - preventing the fiber cable from being stretched when installers pull it. • Jacket- protect the fiber against abrasion, solvents, and other contaminants.

  14. Fiber optic cables

  15. LAB Straight-through Cables Crossover Cable

  16. Transmit    Transmit Receive      N/A         N/AReceive    N/A             N/A       Straight-through Crossover T568A - T568A T568A - T568B OR T568B - T568B

  17. Quarity

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