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Looping ( Perulangan )

Looping ( Perulangan ). Dasar-Dasar Pemrograman. Inti Pemrograman. Sequence Choices Repetition. Looping ( Perulangan ). Disebut juga sebagai perulangan atau iterasi . Mengulang perintah-perintah hingga suatu kondisi tertentu atau jumlah tertentu . Tiga jenis perulangan di dalam Pascal:

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Looping ( Perulangan )

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  1. Looping (Perulangan) Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom. Dasar-Dasar Pemrograman

  2. IntiPemrograman • Sequence • Choices • Repetition Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  3. Looping (Perulangan) • Disebutjugasebagaiperulanganatauiterasi. • Mengulangperintah-perintahhinggasuatukondisitertentuataujumlahtertentu. • Tigajenisperulangandidalam Pascal: • Statement For • Statement While, dan • Statement Repeat • Terdapat 2 carauntukmenghentikanperulangan/iterasi, yaituberdasarkanjumlahperulangandanberdasarkansyarat/kondisitertentu. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  4. Statement FOR • Statement FOR merupakanperulangan yang prosesnyaberhentiberdasarkanjumlahperulangan. • Struktur FOR: FOR varCounter := nilaiAwal TO nilaiAkhir DO BEGIN ……………… END; • FOR dapatdibagimenjadi 2 yaituFOR naikdanFOR turun. • Suatu FOR dikatakannaikjikanilaiAwallebihkecildarinilaiAkhirdan FOR turunjikasebaliknya. • FOR naikmenggunakankatakunciTOsedangkan FOR turunmenggunakankatakunciDOWNTO. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  5. Contoh FOR (FOR Naik) program cobafor1; uses crt; var varCounter : integer; begin clrscr; for varCounter := 1 to 5 do begin writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); end; readln; end. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  6. Contoh FOR (FOR Turun) program cobafor1; uses crt; var varCounter : integer; begin clrscr; for varCounter := 5downto1 do begin writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); end; readln; end. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  7. Contoh FOR (Advance) program cobafor1; uses crt; var varCounter : integer; nilAwal : integer; nilAkhir : integer; begin clrscr; write('Masukkannilaiawal: ');readln(nilAwal); write('Masukkannilaiakhir: ');readln(nilAkhir); for varCounter := nilAwal to nilAkhir do begin writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); end; readln; end. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  8. Statement WHILE • Statement WHILE merupkananperulangan yang prosesnyadihentikanlewatkondisi. • Struktur WHILE WHILE (syarat) DO BEGIN ……………… END; • Kondisipada WHILE dapatbernilaiTRUEatauFALSE. Padastrukturdiatas, selamasyaratbernilai TRUE, makaprosesperulanganakandilakukanterus. Perulanganbaruakanberhentijikasyaratsudahtidakterpenuhilagiataubernilai FALSE. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  9. Statement WHILE • Penggunaan WHILE yang tidakhati-hatidapatmenyebabkanperulangan yang tidakakanberhenti (infinitive looping). Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  10. Contoh WHILE PADA FOR for varCounter := 1 to 5 do begin writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); end; PADA WHILE varCounter := 1; while(varCounter <= 5) do begin writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); varCounter := varCounter + 1; end; Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  11. Contoh WHILE (mencetakbilangangenapdibawah 20) program cobawhile1; uses crt; var varCounter : integer; begin clrscr; writeln('Bilangangenapdibawah 20:'); varCounter := 1; while (varCounter < 20) DO begin if (varCounter mod 2 = 0) then writeln(varCounter); varCounter := varCounter + 1; end; readln; end. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  12. Statement REPEAT • Statement REPEAT merupakanperulangan yang prosesnyadihentikanlewatkondisi. • Struktur REPEAT REPEAT ……………… UNTIL (syarat); Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  13. Statement REPEAT • Padadasarnya, REPEAT dan WHILE hampirsama, namun yang memberdakannyaadalahpengecekankondisipada REPEAT terjadisetelahperintah-perintahdidalamnyadilakukan 1 kali sedangkan WHILE sebaliknya. • Samaseperti WHILE, penggunaan REPEAT yang tidakhati-hatidapatmenyebabkanperulangan yang tidakakanberhenti. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  14. Contoh REPEAT PADA FOR for varCounter := 1 to 5 do begin writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); end; PADA WHILE varCounter := 1; while(varCounter <= 5) do begin writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); varCounter := varCounter + 1; end; PADA REPEAT varCounter := 1; repeat writeln('NilaivarCounter = ',varCounter); varCounter := varCounter + 1; until(varCounter > 5); Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  15. Contoh REPEAT (mencetakbilangangenapdibawah 20) program cobawhile1; uses crt; var varCounter : integer; begin clrscr; writeln('Bilangangenapdibawah 20:'); varCounter := 1; repeat if (varCounter mod 2 = 0) then writeln(varCounter); varCounter := varCounter + 1; until(varCounter >= 20); readln; end. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

  16. TugasKelas • Buatlahperulangan FOR, WHILE, dan REPEAT untukmencetakbilangandariganjil 1 sampai 10. Marsel Willem Aipassa, S. Kom.

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