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Dreams in Art. A comparison of the art of the Aboriginal peoples of Australia and the European Surrealists. The Dreamtime. A creative period between the origins of the universe and when humans were created, yet it is never ending
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Dreams in Art A comparison of the art of the Aboriginal peoples of Australia and the European Surrealists
The Dreamtime • A creative period between the origins of the universe and when humans were created, yet it is never ending • Supernatural creatures (like the Rainbow Serpent and All-mother and All-father) roamed the land and formed the sky, water, etc. • Time when men and women and all laws, customs, traditions and rituals were established for their well being.
Symbols used in Papunya Central Desert art - Based on information from "Papunya Tula" by Geoffrey Bardon
Dada • Took form during WWI, primarily in Zurich and New York. • • Dada proclaimed the uselessness of social action. Protesting the war, but moving beyond to create a fresh slate for art, Dada used destruction as a creative force. • • Dada moved to destroy the deception of artificial order imposed by man, and return to the more natural state of disorder and childhood. • • Leading Dadaist Hugo Ball stated that one of the goals of Dada was to show that there “were people who were independent and beyond war and nationalism, who live for other ideals.” • • Dada used nonsense, chance, contradiction and insult in their work.
Hugo Ball - Karawane Raoul Haussmann
Marcel Duchamp Man Ray
Surrealism • a reaction to Dada in that the Surrealists wanted to return art to something positive and a benefit for mankind. • a highly organized group of artists and writers led by Andre Breton.
SURREALISM, noun, masc., Pure psychic automatism by which it is intended to express, either verbally or in writing, the true function of thought. Thought dictated in the absence of all control exerted by reason, and outside all aesthetic or moral preoccupations. -Andre Breton, First Surrealist Manifesto, 1924 • Andre Breton, a writer, was the leader of the surrealist movement. • Based on a misinterpretation of Freud’s psychoanalytic analysis of dreams as expression of the unconscious mind. • Surrealism glorifies irrationality • Wanted to transform concrete reality into a response to man’s desires and psychic unity. (‘reason’ prevents this unity)
Quotes from Andre Breton Artistic imagination must remain free. It is by definition free from any fidelity to circumstances, especially to the intoxicating circumstances of history. + The approval of the public must be avoided above all. The public must be forbidden to enter if confusion is to be avoided.+ The mind which plunges into Surrealism, relives with burning excitement the best part of childhood.+ I could spend my whole life prying loose the secrets of the insane. These people are honest to a fault, and their naivety has no peer but my own.+ Let us not mince words.. the marvelous is always beautiful, anything marvelous is beautiful, in fact only the marvelous is beautiful.
Earlier influences on Surrealist imagery Henri Rousseau
EmergingSurrealist Art- 1920’s Three major intellectual directions: Chance – some artists used techniques where the outcome was out of their control. They did this to prevent the rational mind (which was tarnished by a rigid and corrupt civilization) from dictating what the subconscious mind could reveal. Automatism – tries to elicit images from the subconscious by occupying the conscious mind with another activity or by going into a ‘trancelike’ state. Use of chance elements was prominent. Veristic Surrealism – Artists mined their dreams for images. They also found absurd and original relationships between existing images. Use of psychoanalytic archetypes was prominent. They also used hyper-realistic painting techniques to increase the feeling of contradiction.
Exquisite Corpse • All parts should be vegetables • All parts should be machine parts • All parts should be things you would find in the ocean • All parts should be things you would find in space
Chance Chance” techniques both stimulated the imagination and created images for the artists to use. Jean Arp, Arrangment According to the Laws of Chance, 1916
Automatism Pure psychic automatism by which it is intended to express, either verbally or in writing, the true function of thought. Andre Masson
