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Perception

Perception. SpEd 5351. What is Perception?. Ability to process stimuli meaningfully To organize and interpret sensory stimuli Ability to make judgment about and attach meaning to incoming stimuli

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Perception

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  1. Perception SpEd 5351

  2. What is Perception? • Ability to process stimuli meaningfully • To organize and interpret sensory stimuli • Ability to make judgment about and attach meaning to incoming stimuli • Ability to ascribe meaning to sensory information of all kinds(auditory, visual, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, and kinesthetic stimuli)

  3. Perception in Special Education History • Samuel Orton (1930’s): failure to achieve cerebral hemispheric dominance • Werner & Strauss (1930’s & 40’s): Srauss syndrome; visual-perceptual and perceptual-motor problems as well as distractibility and hyperactivity • Cruickshank’s (1950’s): supported Strauss’s work with subjects without MR • Newall Kephart (1960’s): perceptual motor development theory

  4. Perceptual Assessments • Kirk (1960’s): Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA)focusing on perceptual component of cognition • Marianne Frostig (1964): Developmental Test of Visual Perception to assess visual perceptual skills in reading performance

  5. Assessment of Perceptual Functioning • Visual and auditory channels are often treated as separate entities (eg.,visual and motor development interact to aid each other and auditory perception and visual perception often support one another). • Behavioral observations • Following directions • Copying letters, including both far-and near-point copying • Writing; drawing; and manipulating various tools and devices • Listening • Identifying letters and letter sounds

  6. Visual Perception • Visual discrimination: identify dominant features in different objects and to discriminate among a variety of objects • Visual figure-ground discrimination: distinguish an object from its background • Object recognition: recognize essential nature of an object • Spacial relations: determine the position of physical objects in space • Visual memory: recall the dominant features of a stimulus that is no longer present • Visual closure: identify figures that are presented in incomplete form

  7. Auditory Perception • Auditory discrimination: recognize differences between sounds • Auditory blending: ability to make a complete word by blending the individual phonological elements • Auditory figure-ground discrimination: distinguish a sound from its background • Auditory memory: recognize and recall previously presented auditory stimuli (rote memory) • Auditory closure:identify words and sounds that have been presented in incomplete form • Auditory association: ability to relate ideas, find relationships, make associations, and categorize information

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