Chapter 8 Study Guide

1. Chapter 8 Study Guide

2. What is one way Jefferson supporters criticized John Adams? …hinting Adams would use the new permanent army to limit citizens’ rights.

3. 2. What did the 12th Amendment do? Separated the ballot for president and vice-president.

4. 3. What Federalist policy did Jefferson keep as president? Creation of the Bank of the United States.

5. 4. What is judicial review? The power of the judiciary to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.

6. 5. What is the significance of Marbury v. Madison? It established the Supreme Court’s power to check the other branches of government.

7. 6. What brought an increase of trade to New Orleans in 1800? The annexation of four northeastern states to the Union.

8. 7. Why did Spain trade Louisiana to France? It was impossible to keep Americans out of the area.

9. 8. What territory belonged to Spain until 1802? Louisiana

10. 9. What did the Louisiana Purchase do for the US? Nearly doubled the size of the country.

11. 10. Why did Napoleon sell Louisiana? Needed money for his war against the British.

12. 11. What did Lewis & Clark fail to do on their expedition? Identify a river route across the West to the Pacific Ocean.

13. 12. What did Zebulon Pike accomplish? Helped outline the Louisiana Territory’s western border with New Spain.

14. 13. How was the U.S. involved in France & Britain’s war in 1803? By shipping goods and war supplies to both countries.

15. 14. What were the effects of the Embargo Act? International trade was banned.

16. 15. Why did the Embargo Act fail? It caused American merchants to lose money and had little effect on Britain and France.

17. 16. What did the U.S. fear about Tecumseh? That he was backed by the British.

18. 17. Why did Britain support Native Americans? To reduce westward expansion by the United States.

19. 18. What were War Hawks? Young members of Congress that called for a trade war against Britain.

20. 19. Why did the U.S. fail to invade Canada? Soldiers argued they did not have to fight on foreign soil.

21. 20. Who was president for the War of 1812? James Madison

22. 21. What did the Treaty of Fort Jackson do? Forced the Creek Indians to give up millions of acres of land.

23. 22. What happened @ the Battle of Thames? Ending British power in the Northwest.

24. 23. Why was the Hartford Convention not effective? Congress deemed the convention to be illegal.

25. 24. What happened @ the Battle of New Orleans? The last major conflict of the War of 1812

26. 25. Who won @ Lake Eerie? The United States Navy led by Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry

27. 26. What was the Embargo Act? Banned trade with all foreign countries

28. 27. Who was Andrew Jackson? Commanded U.S. forces in the Battle of New Orleans

29. 28. What did Meriwether Lewis do? Led the expedition to explore the Louisiana Purchase and seek out a water route to the West coast.

30. 29. Who was Oliver Perry? Led a naval fleet to victory by the U.S. over British at the Battle of Lake Erie

31. 30. Who was Sacagawea? Shoshone Indian who assisted the Lewis and Clark expedition

32. 31. Who was Tecumseh? Shawnee Indian leader who worked to unite Indian tribes against U.S. expansion

33. 32. What was the Treaty of Ghent? Ended the War of 1812

34. 33. Who was John Marshall & why was he significant? Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, a Federalist

35. 34. Why did American attempts to invade Canada fail? State militia often refused to fight on foreign soil arguing it was not their duty