Hagedorn states and Thermalization

1. DM2010, High Density Nuclear Matter, Stellenbosch, South Africa Hagedorn states andThermalization (courtesy L. Ferroni)

7. Hadronization at the phase boundary…?

12. Hadronization – molecular dynamical simulation C. Traxler et al., PRC59 1620 (1999) … Hagedorn spectrum

13. Hadron Resonance Gas with Hagedorn States and comparison to lattice QCD close to J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG arXiv:0909.2908 • Hagedorn spectrum: • RBC collaboration:

14. The order and shape of QGP phase transition I.Zakout, CG and J. Schaffner-Bielich, NPA 781 (2007) 150, PRC78:034916 and arXiv: 1002.3119 density of states:

15. Crossover transition in bag-like models L. Ferroni and V. Koch, PRC79 (2009) 034905 density of states:

16. Strangeness production at SpS energies Production of Antihyperons: QGP signature…? J. Geiss P. Koch, B. Müller, J. Rafelski

17. Production of Anti-Baryons Multimesonic channels R.Rapp and E. Shuryak, Phys.Rev.Lett.86(2001) 2980 C.Greiner and S.Leupold, J.Phys. G27(2001) L95 SPS But But:

18. Chemical Freeze-out and of QCD (P. Braun-Munzinger, J. Stachel, C. Wetterich,Phys.Lett.B596:61-69 (2004)) Chemical equilibration of baryon / anti-baryons: Hadronic resonance gas vs. lattice: Multimesonic channels:

19. Possible solution by Hagedorn states C. Greiner, P. Koch, F. Liu, I. Shovkovy, H. Stöcker J.Phys.G31 (2005)‏

20. Estimate for baryon/antibaryon production

21. (Micro)canonical decay of Hagedorn States (Fuming Liu)‏

22. J. Noronha-Hostler, CG, I. Shovkovy, PRL 100:252301, 2008; and arXiv:0909.2908 Rate Equations

23. Decay Widths Linear fit (PDG)‏ for Baryon anti-baryon decay ((micro)canonical)‏ the average proton number is Analogously for Kaons, Lambdas and Omegas (!)

24. Time Scale Estimate Assuming and where and

25. Rising Populations • pions andHS held at equilibrium: protons kaons

26. Expanding fireball Varying parameters has only small effect!

27. protons Varying parameters has only small effect!

28. kaons

29. Lambdas

30. Omegas M.Beitel

31. The strange sector of baryons/antibaryons

32. Importance of baryonicHS ?

33. Summary Potential Hagedorn States close to critical temperature: • can explain fast chemical equilibration by HS regeneration • roughly: • roughly: • smaller shear viscosity of QCD matter at • Future: embedding into UrQMD J. Noronha-Hostler, M. Beitel, CG, I.Shovkovy arXiv:0909.2908, PRC in press

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37. Particle Ratios as a Probe of the QCD Critical Temperature J. Noronha-Hostler, H. Ahmad, J. Noronha, CG, arXiv:0906.3960 Hagedorn States provide a unique method to compare lattice results for Tc using thermal fits Hagedorn states provide a lower chi^2 than thermal fits without Hagedorn states

38. Transport Coefficients of Hadronic Matter near J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG, PRL103:172302 (2009) While both η (due to the small MFP of HS) and s increase with increasing T, the entropy increases quicker close to Tc, which decreases η/s. HRG of a hadron gas including HS matches well with the lattice at HS

39. Three-particle interactions through parton rearrangement UrQMD+ Recombination, Baryonfusion, Quark annihilation [H.Petersen et al. , arXiv:0805.0567v1 (2008)] [G.Gräf, diploma thesis, Frankfurt (2009)] Same mechanism previously implemented in QGSM [Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: nucl-th/0610021 (2007)] [Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: 0711.3366 (2008)] Recombination Lambda multiplicity Elliptic flow excitation function Baryonfusion Quark annihilation - preliminary -

40. C.Greiner, AIP Conf. Proc. 644:337 (2003)‏

41. production at RHIC Thermal rates within chiral SU(3) description Chemical population of baryons / anti-baryons: I. Shovkovy, J. Kapusta (2003) P. Huovinen, J. Kapusta (2004) Insufficient by a factor of 3 to 4

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