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Chapter 18.2

Chapter 18.2. Social Change & Modernization. Objectives. Contrast the views of modernization theory & world-system theory on modernization in less-developed nations. Identify some of the positive & negative effects of modernization on social life & the natural environment. Modernization.

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Chapter 18.2

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  1. Chapter 18.2 Social Change &Modernization

  2. Objectives • Contrast the views of modernization theory &world-system theory on modernization in less-developed nations. • Identify some of the positive &negative effects of modernization on social life &the natural environment.

  3. Modernization • the process by which a society’s social institutions become increasingly complex as the society moves toward industrialization

  4. The Process of Modernization Modernization Theory, World System Theory

  5. Modernization Theory • the more developed nations modernized because they were the first to industrialize • in time, developing countries will come to mirror modernized nations • modernization will produce the same social changes in less-developed nations as more-developed

  6. Modernization Theory Cont. • had large following in 1950s &1960s • believed to be the cure for various social &economic problems that plagued many less-developed nations • critics argue that it does not take into account that less-developed nations face conditions that are very different from developed nations

  7. World-System Theory • views modernization in terms of the world economy • world system comprises 3types of nations • Core: most powerful, developed nations • Peripheral: poor countries in Latin America, Africa&Asia • Semiperipheral: somewhere in between • lack of economic diversity in peripheral nations is a serious problem because it slows economic growth

  8. Consequences of Modernization Positive • increased standard of living • longer life expectancy • lower birthrates • higher literacy rates • decrease in inequality • more personal comforts • improved infrastructure • electricity & communications technology • establishment of educational institutions Negative • loss of some traditional authority for the family &religion • weaker social relationships &increased feeling of isolation • moral & ethical questions • environmental problems • health problems

  9. Exploring Cultural Diversity • Read the study on “Globalization &Social Change”on pgs. 474-475 &answer the questions in your journal. • Once you are finished, get together with your breakout group &create a poster on the corresponding topic from this reading including relevant information from your section as well as personal examples &illustrations. • 1 & 5: Economic Globalization • 2 & 6: Globalization &Transportation • 3 & 7: Tourism • 4 & 8: Diversity in America

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