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New Horizon College English Unit 5 Section B Roommate Conflicts 新视野

Reading Skills Exercises Test Yourself Text B Dictation Multiple Choice Unit 5 Section B Directory Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Comprehension Guide Language Points Practice Blank-filling with New Words Sentence-rewriting with Given Expressions

Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Recognizing Paragraph Patterns is a high-level reading skill with some difficulties but the students using New Horizon College English will feel quite comfortable when dealing with this particular reading skill. From Unit 1, Book 1 up to now, we have made an analysis of 35 passages dealing with the structure of the text.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) In the last unit we saw that paragraph information often appears in patterns that can be recognized or analyzed. Paragraph ideas and information are put together so that we can see them related to each other in certain patterns.This kind of skills is important for us to get a better understanding of the passage we read but it is also crucial for us to make sensible or reasonable predictions as to what is to follow next.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) In this unit we will have more practice in recognizing and analyzing paragraph patterns, especially the patterns that we did not cover in our last unit. Here are some examples from passage A, Unit 5.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Example 1: Loneliness may be a sort of national disease here, and it’s more embarrassing for us to admit than any other sin. On the other hand, to be alone on purpose, having rejected company rather than been cast out by it, is one characteristic of an American hero. The solitary hunter or explorer needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild areas. Thoreau, alone in his cabin on the pond, his back deliberately turned to the town. Now, that’s character for you. (Para. 2, Passage A, Unit 5)

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) In the above paragraph, we can see clearly a structure of comparison again. The author is trying to make a comparison and contrast between solitude being taken as a national disease and as a characteristic of an American hero. On the one hand, the author states clearly that loneliness may be a sort of national disease. But on the other hand, the author continues to state that loneliness is one characteristic of an American hero with supporting examples.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Example 2: Read the first sentence in Paragraph 11, Passage A, Unit 5 and make a prediction about what will come next. If you live with other people, their temporary absence can be refreshing. (Para. 11, Passage A, Unit 5) Possible predictions: the advantages of living with other people; the advantages of living with other people especially during their temporary absence; the advantages of living alone.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Now to make the right prediction, we have to read on: Solitude will end on Thursday. If today I use a singular personal pronoun to refer to myself, next week I will use the plural form. While the others are absent you can stretch out your soul until it fills up the whole room, and use your freedom, coming and going as you please without apology, staying up late to read, soaking in the bath, eating a whole pint of ice cream at one sitting, moving at your own pace.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Those absent will be back. Their waterproof winter coats are in the closet and the dog keeps watching for them at the window. (Para. 11, Passage A, Unit 5)Then you would find that the right prediction was: the advantages of living with other people during their temporary absence.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Then continue your reading: But when you live alone, the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances leaves a vacuum; they may never come back. (Para. 11, Passage A, Unit 5)The word “But” is a clear word of transition, which predicts what is to follow is different from the previous. Then we can come to a conclusion that the paragraph is one of comparison between people who live with other people even though with a temporary absence and people who live alone.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) In the paragraph we find some important tips for understanding comparison and contrast: on the other hand. In a structure of comparison and contrast we often find out some important words that help us identify the paragraph pattern. Words that point to ideas or things that differ are: but, on the other hand, still, although, in contrast, in spite of, however, yet, even so, nevertheless, conversely, nonetheless, etc.

Back Ⅰ. Reading Skills: Recognizing Paragraph Patterns (II) Words that point to similar or like ideas or things are: similarly, in addition, in the same way, also, further, likewise, etc. Of course there are a number of key words that we can look for when we come across basic structures of a text such as Cause and Effect, Time Sequence, a Set of Sequential Actions, a General Point Supported by Details/Examples/a List of Things, a Problem-solution Pattern, etc.

Back Reading Skills: Practice XV.Read the following paragraphs from Passage B and answer the questions. 1. Sarah’s ability to solve her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual, but the conflict she faced is not. Despite extensive efforts by many schools to make good roommate matches, unsatisfactory outcomes are common. One roommate is always cold, while the other never wants to turn up the furnace, even though the thermometer says it’s minus five outside.

Back Reading Skills: Practice One person likes quiet, while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet, or turns up his sound system to the point where the whole room vibrates. One eats only organically produced vegetables and believes all living things are holy, even ants and mosquitoes, while the other likes wearing fur and enjoys cutting up frogs in biology class.

Back Reading Skills: Practice A. What do you think the paragraph is about? A) Sarah’s ability to solve her dilemma. B) Sarah’s moving into her identical twin’s room. C) The conflict that Sarah faced. D) The conflict is sharing rooms among roommates.

Reading Skills: Practice Back B. How does the author support the main idea? Key: The author makes a lot of comparisons between different needs, different hobbies and different beliefs to bring out the main idea that the conflicts among roommates are not uncommon.

Back Reading Skills: Practice C. What is the structure of the paragraph? Which word gives the hint about the pattern you recognized? Key: It is a general statement supported by comparisons and contrasts. The word is “while”, which appeared three times.

Back Reading Skills: Practice 2. In extreme cases, roommate conflict can lead to serious violence, as it did at Harvard last spring: One student killed her roommate before committing suicide. Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, ultimately resulting in physical violence. Some colleges have resorted to “roommate contracts” that all new students fill out and sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations.

Back Reading Skills: Practice Students detail behavioral guidelines for their room, including acceptable hours for study and sleep, a policy for use of each other’s possessions and how messages will be handled. Although the contracts are not binding and will never go to a jury, copies are given to the floor’s residential adviser in case conflicts later arise. “The contract gives us permission to talk about issues which students forget or are afraid to talk about,” says the director of residential programs.

Back Reading Skills: Practice A. What do you think the paragraph is about? A) Roommate conflict can lead to serious violence. B) One student killed her roommate before committing suicide. C) Roommate conflict is like a volcano preparing to explode, ultimately resulting in physical violence. D) Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to deal with roommate conflicts.

Back Reading Skills: Practice B. How does the writer organize his ideas? Key: The writer starts with identifying the problem: roommate conflict can lead to serious violence with an example presented. Then he offers some solutions: conflict resolution programs to calm tensions with details specified. And at last he evaluates the conflict resolution programs: Though roommate contracts or behavioral guidelines are not legal documents, these would at least give the school permission to talk about the issues with the students.

Reading Skills: Practice C. What is the structure of the paragraph? Key: A general statement supported by a problem-solution-evaluation pattern.

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Text B Question Previewing New Words Passage Reading True or False

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back • Phrases and • Expressions • strike out • get along • with • war over • range from • sth. to sth. • turn off • give up on • before long • turn up • cut up • end up • spring from • tear apart • resort to • in case • head off • on the basis of • fill in • sum up • against all (the) • odds • fur • frog • stale • depression • tolerate • under- • graduate • disk • saw • abstract • volcano • resort • jury • Proper Names • Katie Monahan • Sarah Monahan • Pennsylvania • Gettysburg • College • Julie Noel • Ohio • Harvard • Alan Sussman • dorm • oral • furnace • thermo- • meter • minus • trumpet • vibrate • organic • organically • holy • ant • mosquito • nevertheless • disorder • selection • exclaim • chess • paw • postage • chew • chip • slap

Back Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Q: 1. When Katie and her identical twin Sarah entered the university, they were arranged to live in the same room. Q: 2. Differences in the personalities of the students sharing the same room will affect negatively their university life. Q: 3. Roommate contracts give the residential adviser the right to supervise and urge the students to observe the terms they’ve agreed to follow.

Back Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Q: 4. Once any student violates the terms of the contract, a jury would be called to solve the problem. Q: 5. Computerized matching is a random (任意的) selection without any reasonable basis. Q: 6. Parents would like to minimize (使降至到最低限度) their children’s bad habits and impose their own wishes on their children.

Back Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Q: 7. How to match the students becomes a headache for housing workers as they are not sure about the style of university life that suits the students best. Q: 8. Learning to adapt oneself to a person of a different type of personality is always fruitless.

请选择 Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Question 1 Roommate Conflicts Para.1Identical twins Katie and Sarah Monahan arrived at Pennsylvania’s Gettysburg College last year determined to strike out on independent paths. Although the 18-year-old sisters had requested rooms in different dorms, the housing office placed them on the eighth floor of the same building, across the hall from each other. While Katie got along with her roommate, Sarah was miserable. She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged. Finally, they divided the room in two and gave up on oral communication, communicating primarily through short notes. 下一页上一页

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Para.2 During this time, Sarah kept running across the hall to seek comfort from Katie. Before long, the two wanted to live together again. Sarah’s roommate eventually agreed to move out. “From the first night we lived together again, we felt so comfortable,” says Sarah. “We felt like we were back home.” 下一页上一页

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Para.3aSarah’s ability to solve her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual, but the conflict she faced is not. Despite extensive efforts by many schools to make good roommate matches, unsatisfactory outcomes are common. One roommate is always cold, while the other never wants to turn up the furnace, even though the thermometer says it’s minus five outside. 下一页上一页

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Para.3bOne person likes quiet, while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet, or turns up his sound system to the point where the whole room vibrates. One eats only organically produced vegetables and believes all living things are holy, even ants and mosquitoes, while the other likes wearing fur and enjoys cutting up frogs in biology class. 下一页上一页

请选择 Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Question 2 Para.4When personalities don’t mix, the excitement of being away at college can quickly grow stale. Moreover, roommates can affect each other’s psychological health. A recent study reports that depression in college roommates is often passed from one person to another. 下一页上一页

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Para.5aLearning to tolerate a stranger’s habits may teach undergraduates flexibility and the art of compromise, but the learning process is often painful. Julie Noel, a 21-year-old senior, recalls that she and her freshman year roommate didn’t communicate and were uncomfortable throughout the year. 下一页上一页

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Para.5b“I kept playing the same disk in my CD player for a whole day once just to test her because she was so timid,” says Noel. “It took her until dinner time to finally change it.” Although they didn’t saw the room in half, near year’s end, the two did end up in a screaming fight. “Looking back, I wish I had talked to her more about how I was feeling,” says Noel. 下一页上一页

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Para.6Most roommate conflicts spring from such small, irritating differences rather than from grand disputes over abstract philosophical principles. “It’s the specifics that tear roommates apart,” says the assistant director of residential programs at a university in Ohio. 下一页上一页

请选择 Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Question 3 Para. 7aIn extreme cases, roommate conflict can lead to serious violence, as it did at Harvard last spring: One student killed her roommate before committing suicide. Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, ultimately resulting in physical violence. Some colleges have resorted to “roommate contracts” that all new students fill out and sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations. 下一页上一页

请选择 Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Question 4 Para. 7bStudents detail behavioral guidelines for their room, including acceptable hours for study and sleep, a policy for use of each other’s possessions and how messages will be handled. Although the contracts are not binding and will never go to a jury, copies are given to the floor’s residential adviser in case conflicts later arise. “The contract gives us permission to talk about issues which students forget or are afraid to talk about,” says the director of residential programs. 下一页上一页

请选择 Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Question 5 Question 6 Para.8Some schools try to head off feuding before it begins by using computerized matching, a process that nevertheless remains more of a guessing game than a science. Students are put together on the basis of their responses to housing form questions about smoking tolerance, preferred hours of study and sleep, and self-described tendencies toward tidiness or disorder. Parents sometimes weaken the process by taking the forms and filling in false and wishful data about their children’s habits, especially on the smoking question. 下一页上一页

请选择 Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Question 7 The matching process is also complicated by a philosophical debate among housing managers concerning the flavor of university life: “Do you put together people who are similar—or different, so they can learn about each other?” A cartoon sums up the way many students feel the process works: Surrounded by a mass of papers, a housing worker picks up two selection forms and exclaims, “Likes chess, likes football; they’re perfect together!” 下一页上一页

请选择 Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Question 8 Para.9a Alan Sussman, a second-year student, says, “I think they must have known each of our personalities and picked the opposite,” he recalls. While Sussman was neat and serious about studying, his roommate was messy and liked to party into the early hours of the morning. “I would come into the room and find him pawing through my desk, looking for postage for a letter. Another time, I arrived to find him chewing the last of a batch of chocolate chip cookies my mother had sent me. 下一页上一页

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Back Para.9bPeople in the hall were putting up bets as to when we were going to start slapping each other around,” he says. Against all odds, the two ended up being friends. Says Sussman: “We taught each other a lot—but I would never do it again.” 下一页上一页

Back Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Directions:Read the following statements carefully, and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. Refer to Para. 1 返回 F Q: 1. _____ When Katie and her identical twin Sarah entered the university, they were arranged to live in the same room.

Back Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Refer to Para. 4 返回 T Q: 2. _____ Differences in the personalities of the students sharing the same room will affect negatively their university life. Refer to Para. 7 返回 T Q: 3. _____ Roommate contracts give the residential adviser the right to supervise and urge the students to observe the terms they’ve agreed to follow.

Back Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Refer to Para. 7 返回 F Q: 4. _____ Once any student violates the terms of the contract, a jury would be called to solve the problem. Refer to Para. 8 返回 F Q: 5. _____ Computerized matching is a random (任意的) selection without any reasonable basis.

Back Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Refer to Para. 8 返回 T Q: 6. _____ Parents would like to minimize (使降至到最低限度) their children’s bad habits and impose their own wishes on their children. Refer to Para. 8 返回 T Q: 7. _____ How to match the students becomes a headache for housing workers as they are not sure about the style of university life that suits the students best.

Ⅱ. Text B: Comprehension Guide & Language Points Refer to Para. 9 返回 F Q: 8. _____ Learning to adapt oneself to a person of a different type of personality is always fruitless.

Exercises 《读写教程IV》 Ex. XVII, p. 141 《读写教程IV》 Ex. XVIII, p. 141

Exercises chew tolerate vibrate jury stale abstract nevertheless holy disorder depression resort exclaim Back 《读写教程IV》Ex. XVII, p. 141 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 1. Heavy materials like brick and stone do not ____ easily, and therefore soon reduce noise. vibrate

Exercises chew tolerate vibrate jury stale abstract nevertheless holy disorder depression resort exclaim Back 2. All of these festivals were regarded as ____ occasions when all ordinary work stopped. holy 3. They enjoy each other’s company and are prepared to ____ any inconvenience. tolerate

New Horizon College English