SUBJECT AUTHORITY COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

1. SUBJECT AUTHORITY COOPERATIVE PROGRAM • GUIDELINES

2. SUBJECT AUTHORITY COOPERATIVE PROGRAM • The Subject Authority Cooperative Program (SACO) was established to provide a means for libraries to submit subject headings and classification numbers to the Library of Congress.

3. SACO: REQUIREMENTS • There are only two basic requirements for libraries to contribute subject heading proposals or changes for inclusion in Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)

4. SACO: REQUIREMENTS 1. Participants should have access to the online Library of Congress authority files, both for name authorities and subject authorities.

5. SACO: REQUIREMENTS 2. Required documentation for subject headings: • Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) current editions and updates

6. SACO: REQUIREMENTS • SUBJECT CATALOGING MANUAL: Subject Headings • FREE‑FLOATING SUBDIVISIONS: An Alphabetical Index

7. SACO: GUIDELINES • Required documentation for classification numbers: • SUBJECT CATALOGING MANUAL: Classification • Library of Congress Classification Schedules (including additions and ahanges); or • OR • the commercially available versions of the schedules

8. SACO: GUIDELINES • SUBMISSION OF PROPOSALS • Proposal form available on the SACO home page • paper form available from LC

9. SACO: GUIDELINES • Proposals are reviewed for editorial consistency by staff at the Library of Congress and, once reviewed, become part of LCSH or the LC Classification schedules

10. SACO: TRAINING • SACO workshops are offered by the Library of Congress either in conjunction with library-related meetings or conferences • or on demand by contacting the Coop Team Leader at: SACO@loc.gov

11. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • GUIDELINES for filling in the subject proposal form

12. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL • 040 Requestor's MARC identification symbol • Geographic subdivision • 008: 2._______ i = May Subd Geog

13. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • If you are unable to determine this or think that the heading should not be divided geographically leave it blank • (cf. SCM H 194 and H 364)

14. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • 053 Library of Congress Classification Number (LC CALL NUMBER or LCC) • 053: For guidance on when to assign and when not to assign a number to a heading, please refer to SCM H 365.

15. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • Heading • 1xx (150, 151, 110, or 130)

16. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • Cross References • For further guidance in which form and how references should be constructed, please refer to SCM H 195 and SCM H 373.

17. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • Broader Term (BT) & Related Term (RT) References • 5XX: Most subject headings will need a broader term reference. • cf. SCM H 370 • Most subject headings do not need related term references. • CF. SCM H 370

18. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • 670 Sources found • Include at least one other beyond item in hand • Include citations to reference works and information to justify the heading or references being added, changed, or deleted. • cf. SCM H 200, H 202, and H 203).

19. SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL FORM • 680 Scope Notes • Include in this area the text of a note to define or limit the use of a particular heading. • cf. SCM H 400.

20. SACO: GUIDELINES • THINGS TO REMEMBER WHEN SUBMITTING A SUBJECT HEADING PROPOSAL

21. SACO: Things to remember • Proposed heading does not duplicate an existing heading or reference • i.e., heading not already established in another form or is not covered by a free-floating construction.

22. SACO: Things to remember • A value has been provided for in FIXED FIELD box 2 [may subd. geog] or [not subd. geog]

23. SACO: Things to remember • MARC identification code symbol of contributing library is provided in 040.

24. SACO: Things to remember • References (4XXs) are in alphabetical order and do not conflict with existing headings • 5XXs are labelled BT (subfield $w gnnn) or RT (subfield $w nnnn)

25. SACO: Things to remember • 5XXs are currently valid headings in the subject authority file, OR that • For each 5XX not established in the subject authority file an additional subject proposal accompanies the original proposal

26. SACO: Things to remember • For each related term (RT) 5XX a subject change proposal accompanies the original proposal with the instruction to ADD the proposed heading as a related term

27. SACO: Things to remember • When establishing a new heading that is an intermediate term in a hierarchy, remember to add the new heading as a BT to any existing narrower headings

28. SACO: Things to remember • The work generating the proposal is cited as the 1st 670 (repeat the proposed heading in the 670 if necessary)

29. SACO: Things to remember • Add 670s or 675s to show research. • For topics limited to a specific discipline, authorities cited should be specific to the field (cf. H 203). • Authorities cited should apply specifically to the proposed heading as a whole not just to one word or element. • Cite general references sources for general concepts (e.g., Web. 3, OED).

30. SACO: GUIDELINES • Relevant LC pattern provided (952) or SCM memo cited.

31. SACO: GUIDELINES: USE OF PATTERNS: Patterns should only be cited to substantiate: 1. A topic with an adjectival qualifier (to demonstrate that the heading in question has been analogously qualified and that the qualifier has been used )

32. SACO: GUIDELINES: USE OF PATTERNS • Example: • 150 -0 Propaganda, Zimbabwean • 952 LC Pattern: Propaganda, West German and Poets, Zimbabwean

33. SACO: GUIDELINES : USE OF PATTERNS 2. When establishing a non-free-floating subdivision • Example: • 150 -0 Church buildings--Remodeling for other use • 952 LC Pattern: Service stations--Remodeling for other use

34. SACO: GUIDELINES on USE OF PATTERNS 3. When establishing a "... and ..." or "... in ..." headings or headings always constructed according to a standard pattern

35. SACO: GUIDELINES on USE OF PATTERNS • Example: • 150 0 National characteristics, Brazilian, in literature • 952 LC Pattern: National characteristics, Latin American, in literature

36. SACO: GUIDELINES on USE OF PATTERNS 4. When establishing a heading with a parenthetical qualifier • Example: • 150 -0 Cheesecake (Cookery) • 952 LC Pattern: Brownies (Cookery)

37. SACO: GUIDELINES on USE OF PATTERNS • Patterns are cited only to demonstrate previous usage of the qualifier • NOT in lieu of appropriate authority for the substantive portion of the heading.

38. SACO: GUIDELINES on USE OF PATTERNS • Patterns should be truly analogous. • Example: • 150 -0 Australia in motion pictures • 952 LC Pattern: Great Britain in motion pictures

39. SACO: GUIDELINES on USE OF PATTERNS • Not: 952 LC Pattern: Lesbian vampires in motion pictures • It is not necessary to cite patterns for changes.

40. SACO: GUIDELINES on USE OF PATTERNS • Be wary of citing older subject headings as patterns (esp. sh85 prefixed hdgs.) • Other than in the 4 cases above, it is not necessary to cite patterns at all -- cite the SCM memo instead!

41. SACO: GUIDELINES • LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION PROPOSALS

42. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION PROPOSALS • An non-interactive form for proposed LC classification numbers is available on the SACO home page.

43. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION PROPOSALS • To use this form, view it, print it, fill it in, and fax it to the Coop Team at (202) 707-2824.

44. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION PROPOSALS • Concise guidelines for filling out the form are also available. • Basic documentation: • LC Subject Cataloging Manual (SCM): Classification F 50

45. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION PROPOSALS • Classification proposals that appear to involve major or complex development should be discussed the Coop liaison.