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Early River Valley Civilizations ERV’s

Early River Valley Civilizations ERV’s. ERV--Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia is Greek for “between the rivers” The two main rivers are the Tigris and Euphrates. Mesopotamia.co.uk. ERV--Mesopotamia. Present-day Mesopotamia resides in the country of Iraq, which is in the Middle East.

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Early River Valley Civilizations ERV’s

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  1. Early River Valley CivilizationsERV’s

  2. ERV--Mesopotamia Mesopotamia is Greek for “between the rivers” The two main rivers are the Tigris and Euphrates Mesopotamia.co.uk

  3. ERV--Mesopotamia Present-day Mesopotamia resides in the country of Iraq, which is in the Middle East

  4. ERV--Mesopotamia This area is also know as the Fertile Crescent, why?

  5. ERV--Mesopotamia Nap.edu

  6. ERV--Mesopotamia History Sumerians formed city-states south of Mesopotamia around 3000 B.C. Sumerians lose control by 2000 B.C. to the Akkadians. The Akkadians, a Semitic people spoke Hebrew and Arabic. The Akkadians migrated from the Arabian Peninsula.

  7. ERV--Mesopotamia Government Priest-King Priests served as bureaucrats meaning they surveyed the land, assigned fields and distributed the crops. They also engaged in religious ceremonies. The king lead the army, administered trade and judged disputes.

  8. ERV--Mesopotamia Law Hammurabi’sCode—one of the first written laws. Hammurabi was around from 1792-1750 B.C.

  9. ERV--Mesopotamia Law Lex Talionis Law of Exact Revenge An eye for an eye a tooth for a tooth, a life for a life.

  10. ERV--Mesopotamia Law Administration The law exacts retribution, not humans. The victim must bring the criminal to court. It was up to the victim or the victim’s family to enforce the sentence.

  11. ERV--Mesopotamia Social Structure Kings/Priests Highest and most powerful

  12. ERV--Mesopotamia Nobility Wealthy, they held large tracts of land

  13. ERV--Mesopotamia Commoners Owned land but no representation

  14. ERV--Mesopotamia Criminals/Debtors/Prisoners of War Many of whom were enslaved were allowed to trade

  15. ERV--Mesopotamia Religion Polytheistic—belief in many gods Anthropomorphic—resembled humans

  16. ERV--Mesopotamia Writing Used by bureaucrats to keep records Writing known as Cuneiform (wedge-shaped characters) They used a reed (stylus) to draw pictograms into a wet clay tablet.

  17. ERV--Mesopotamia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wksHEDgBRnM

  18. Huang He River Valley

  19. Huang He River Geography The Huang He (Yellow) River is located in northern China. It is called the Yellow River considering it carries a rich yellow soil called loess.

  20. Huang He River

  21. Huang He River China-tour.cn

  22. Huang He River Geography Northern China --Semi-arid land --Long winters --Level plains in the Eastern half

  23. huang He River Origins Lung Shan Yang Shao (Long Shan) Black Pottery Painted Pottery (Red and Black) They merged by 2000 BC to produce towns and the Shang Dynasty started in 1600 BC.

  24. HUANG HE RiverShang Dynasty Sdmuseum.com

  25. HUANG HE RiverShang Dynasty

  26. HUANG HE RiverShang Dynasty

  27. HUANG HE RiverShang Dynasty

  28. HUANG HE RiverShang Dynasty Artsmia.org

  29. HUANG HE RIVERShang Dynasty Government The Shang king descended from a god Shang Di. Decision by Divination --flat shoulder bone of a cattle or the lower tortoise shell --A question was written and either heated in a fire or with a hot piece of metal --The shells or bones cracked and the answers were deciphered based on the length of the crack.

  30. HUANG HE RIVERShang Dynasty Social Structure King Nobles and aristocracy Commoners and artisans Slaves and war captives The Shang believed that slaves didn’t have souls or spirits and could safely be killed.

  31. HUANG HE RiverShang Dynasty Religion Ancestor worship has their origins with the Shang Dynasty Living relatives were to intercede on behalf of the deceased.

  32. HUANG HE RIVERShang Dynasty Architecture Cities were made of pounded earth walls with heavy gates. The city of Zhengzhou the earth wall was 20 feet high and a mile square.

  33. HUANG HE RIVERShang Dynasty Technology Bronze--a mixture of copper, tin, lead and zinc Calendars were used for agriculture Astronomy—records of sunspots and eclipses

  34. HUANG HE RIVERShang Dynasty Shang Dynasty—Minneapolis Institute of Arts http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-shang.cfm

  35. HUANG HE RIVERShang Dynasty Website http://www.asia.si.edu/exhibitions/online/chinatimeline/dynasty3.swf

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