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Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase

Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase. Robby Bonanno Brandon Kats Danielle Mumford. Role. Amino Acid → tRNA → Ribosome → Polypeptide chain Aminoacylates tRNA Amino Acid specificity based on anti- codon & acceptor stem of tRNA 20 synthetases for 20 commonly occuring AA’s

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Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase

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  1. AminoacyltRNASynthetase RobbyBonanno Brandon Kats DanielleMumford

  2. Role • Amino Acid→tRNA → Ribosome → Polypeptidechain • AminoacylatestRNA • Amino Acidspecificitybasedon anti-codon& acceptorstem of tRNA • 20 synthetasesfor 20 commonlyoccuringAA’s • Somerecognize more than 1 tRNAor anti-codon (geneticcodedegeneracy)

  3. tRNA Structure

  4. Structure • Catalytic Domain – site of reactions (binding of AA to tRNA) • Anti-codon Binding Domain – Ensures binding of tRNA with specific AA through interaction with anti-codon region of tRNA

  5. Mechanism

  6. Mechanism1)amino acid + ATP → aminoacyl-AMP + PPi2) aminoacyl-AMP + tRNA → aminoacyl-tRNA + AMP

  7. Expansion of Genetic Codeand Alteration of Protein Function • Controlled mutation of AA binding site to recognize and bind unnatural lab-synthesized AA’s • Unnatural AA coded by non-coding base triplet • Organism genetically programmed to incorporate unnatural AA in any position of any protein desired • Fluorescent, Photoreactive, Redox-active, etc. AA’s

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